Hubungan Faktor Predisposisi dengan Kejadian Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Pada Pasien Post Operasi di Ruang Intensif RSU Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2366Abstract
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) adalah suatu bentuk pneumonia yang termasuk kedalam infeksi nosokomial yang terjadi pada pasien yang menerima ventilasi mekanis sejak 48-72 jam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan faktor predisposisi dengan kejadian Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) pada pasien post operasi di ruang Intensif RSU Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectiona Study yang terdiri dari 61 sampel yaitu pasien post operasi yang dirawat di Ruang Intensive. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu secara purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi data demografi responden, factor predisposisin dan lembar observasi kejadian VAP. Penelitian dilakukan di RSU Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh pada tanggal 20 Desember 2021 sampai dengan 13 Januari 2022. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan univariat didapatkan bahwa umur mayoritas pada kategori masa tua dengan 52%, jenis kelamin mayoritas berada pada laki-laki sebanyak 75%, system imun mayoritas pada kategori >11.000/ul sebanyak 69% dan lama penggunaan ventilator mayoritas berapa pada kategori .72 jam sebanyak 52%. Sedangkan secara analisa bivariate diketahui tidak ada hubungan faktor usia dengan kejadian VAP, tidak ada hubungan faktor jenis kelamin dengan kejadian VAP, ada hubungan faktor sistem imun dengan kejadian VAP, ada hubungan faktor lama penggunaan ventilator mekanik dengan kejadian VAP, dan tidak ada hubungan jenis penyakit penggunaan ventilator mekanik dengan kejadian VAP pada pasien post operasi di ruang Intensif RSU Meuraxa Banda Aceh. Diharapkan agar tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di ruang intensive agar dapat meningkatkan perawatan bagi pasien post operasi yang menggunakan ventilator mekanik agar berkurangnya kejadian VAP pada pasien.
 Kata kunci: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia,Faktor Predisposisi, Intensif
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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Patient safety is one of the elements in measuring the quality of health services as explained by the Institute of Medicine. The latest survey in 2017 indicates that 21% of the patients have experienced medical errors. A research conducted in eleven hospitals in five countries has recorded the incidents related to patient safety including in Hong Kong (31%), Australia (25%), India (23%), United States (12%), and Canada (10%). In 2007, there were 145 incidents in Indonesia with Jakarta in the first place (37.9%) while Aceh got 1.07%. Surgery is one of crucial medical treatments in health service, and a surgical safety checklist consisting of safe and quality steps of a surgery as well as a communication tool used by a professional team in a surgery room is important The purpose of this research was to identify the factors associated with nurses’ adherence in implementing patient safety, especially in surgical time out phase in IBS Room of dr. Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital of Banda Aceh. This quantitative research was conducted with a correlative method and a cross-sectional study approach. A number of 93 nurses were chosen as the samples by using a total sampling technique. The data were collected by using a questionnaire from July 1 to 5, 2019 in IBS Room of dr. Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital of Banda Aceh. The results of univariate and bivariate data analyses show that the nurses’ knowledge (p=0.000), years of service (p=0.003), and motivation (p=0.06) were correlated to the implementation patient safety, especially in surgical time out phase. Hence, it is suggested that the medical workers develop their adherence regarding the patient safety in order to enhance the quality of nursing care.
Keywords : Nurses’ Adherence, Surgical Time Out Phase, Patient Safety
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