Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus Tipe-2 di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3321Abstract
Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolisme kronis yang ditandai peningkatan glukosa darah. Berdasarkan data dari Rumah Sakit Umum Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh tahun 2021 jumlah pasien diabetes sebanyak 275 kasus dan tahun 2022 sebanyak 293 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, gaya hidup dan faktor keturunan pada pasien di ruang Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Metode penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, populasi sebanyak 258 dan sampel sebanyak 72 orang dengan teknik pengambilan secara accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari tanggal 21 Juni sampai dengan 7 Juli 2023 di ruang poli penyakit dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Pengolahan data dengan langkah editing, coding, data entry, tabulating, dan analisis data secara univariat bivariate menggunakan uji chi square test. Hasil penelitian analisis bivariat diperoleh variabel umur (p-value = 0.287), jenis kelamin (p-value = 0.381), pendidikan (p-value = 0.358), gaya hidup (p-value = 0.001), dan faktor keturunan (p-value = 0.000) . Kesimpulan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup dan faktor keturunan dengan kejadian DM Tipe-2 dan tidak ada hubungan umur, pendidikan dan jenis kelamin dengan kejadian D Tipe-2 di Ruang Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Saran bagi petugas kesehatan dapat memberikan penanganan secara tepat bagi pasien penderita diabetes melitus dan memberikan edukasi kepada seluruh pasien yang berkunjung tentang bahaya diabetes melitus dan merubah kebiasaan tidak baik menjadi perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat agar terhindar dari penyakit diabetes melitus.
Kata Kunci : DM Tipe-2, gaya hidup, keturunan
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood glucose. Based on data from the Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh Level II General Hospital, in 2021 there will be 275 cases of diabetes patients and in 2022 there will be 293 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of age, gender, education, lifestyle and heredity in patients in the Internal Medicine Poly ward at Iskandar Muda Hospital, Banda Aceh. Analytic research method with a cross sectional approach, a population of 258 and a sample of 72 people with accidental sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire by means of interviews. The data collection for this research was carried out from 21 June to 7 July 2023 in the internal medicine poly room at the Iskandar Muda Hospital, Banda Aceh. Data processing by editing, coding, data entry, tabulating, and data analysis in a univariate bivariate manner using the chi square test. The results of the bivariate analysis research obtained the variables age (p-value = 0.287), gender (p-value = 0.381), education (p-value = 0.358), lifestyle (p-value = 0.001), and heredity (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between lifestyle and heredity with the incidence of Type-2 DM and there is no relationship between age, education and gender with the incidence of Type-2 D in the Internal Medicine Poly Room at Level II Hospital Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Suggestions for health workers can provide appropriate treatment for patients with diabetes mellitus and provide education to all visiting patients about the dangers of diabetes mellitus and changing bad habits into clean and healthy living behaviors to avoid diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: DM Type-2, lifestyle, heredity
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