Studi Kasus Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita di Puskesmas Lampisang Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i1.2014Abstract
Stunting dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian pada anak, serta mempengaruhi fisik dan fungsional dari tubuh anak. Stunting dapat mengakibatkan anak tidak mampu mencapai potensi genetik, mengindikasikan kejadian jangka panjang dan dampak kumulatif dari ketidakcukupan konsumsi zat gizi, kondisi kesehatan dan pengasuhan yang tidak memadai. Data yang diperoleh dari Puskesmas Lampisang Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar, didapatkan jumlah balita usia 2-5 tahun periode Januari-Agustus 2020 sebanyak 137 balita, yang mengalami stunting sebanyak 30 balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 2-5 tahun di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lampisang Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar Tahun 2020. Metode penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah balita usia 2-5 tahun sebanyak 137 balita. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara Total Populasi dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 30 balita yang mengalami stunting dan 30 balita normal. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tanggal 30 September sampai 8 Oktober 2020. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan batas kemaknaan 95% (P≤ 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan penyakit infeksi (P-value= 0,039 dan OR = 3,455), pendapatan (P-value=0,044 dan OR = 3,143), asupan makanan (P-value= 0,004 dan OR = 5,000), dan ASI Eksklusif (P-value= 0,018 dan OR = 4,297) dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 2-5 tahun. Kesimpulan didapatkan ada hubungan penyakit infeksi, pendapatan, asupan makanan, dan ASI Eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 2-5 tahun. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan untuk dapat menyelenggarakan kegiatan penyuluhan tentang stunting dan dampak dari kejadian stunting pada balita sehingga ibu balita dapat melakukan tindakan untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting.
Kata Kunci: Stunting, Balita.
Stunting can increase the risk of death in children, as well as affect the physical and functional bodies of children. Stunting can result in children being unable to reach their genetic potential, indicating long-term events and the cumulative impact of insufficient nutrient consumption, inadequate health and care conditions. Data obtained from Puskesmas Lampisang, Peukan Bada Subdistrict, Aceh Besar District, showed that there were 137 toddlers aged 2-5 years from January to August 2020, 30 of whom were stunted. Esearch objective is for risk factors for the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years in the Work Area of the Lampisang Health Center, Peukan Bada District, Aceh Besar District, 2020. This study is an analytic study with a case control approach. The population in this study were 137 toddlers aged 2-5 years. The sampling technique was carried out by total population with a sample size of 30 toddlers who were stunted and 30 normal children. Data collection was carried out from September 30 to October 8 2020. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with a significance limit of 95% (P≤ 0.05). The results showed a relationship between infectious diseases (P-value = 0.039 and OR = 3. 455), income (P-value = 0.044 and OR = 3,143), food suply(P-value = 0.004 and OR = 5,000), and breast milk Exclusive (P-value = 0.018 and OR = 4.297) with the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years. There is a relationship between infectious diseases, income, food suply, and exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years. It is hoped that health workers will be able to hold outreach activities about stunting and the impact of stunting on toddlers so that mothers under five can take action to prevent stunting.
Keywords: Stunting, Toddler
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