Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Keikutsertaan Masyarakat Untuk Pelaksanaan Vaksin Covid-19 di Puskesmas Medan Tuntungan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2326Abstract
Tahun 2019 ditemukan adanya kasus pneumonia misterius yang pertama kali dilaporkan di Kota Wuhan, China. Badan kesehatan dunia atau World Health Organization (WHO) secara resmi mengumumkan nama penyakit penyebab kasus tersebut sebagai Coronavirus Disease 2019 atau yang biasa disebut dengan Covid-19. Covid-19 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2). Akibat penyebaran kasus yang sangat pesat, WHO menetapkan status Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) / Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat (KKM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi keikutsertaan masyarakat untuk pelaksanaan vaksin covid-19 di Puskesmas Medan Tuntungan. Desain penelitiannya yaitu kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai dengan Februari 2022 diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Tuntungan Medan. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan consecutive sampling, yaitu tehnik penentuan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu sampai mencapai jumlah yang diinginkan yaitu sebanyak 75 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan (p=0,001), pengetahuan (p=0,000), sumber informasi (p=0,001), religius (p=0,000) dukungan keluarga (p=0,000), KIPI (p=0,000), terhadap keikutsertaan masyarakat untuk pelaksanaan vaksin Covid-19 di Puskesmas Medan Tuntungan. Variabel yang paling dominan memengaruhi keikutsertaan masyarakat adalah religius dengan nilai p value 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai Exp (B) sebesar 14,493. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah semua faktor penelitian memengaruhi keikutsertaan masyarakat untuk pelaksanaan vaksin dan faktor religius merupakan faktor yang paling dominan. Saran kepada masyarakat agar dapat menambah pengetahuan dengan mencari informasi tentang covid-19 dari sumber yang valid karena kereligiusan seseorang salah satu dasarnya adalah adanya pengetahuan yang baik tentang covid-19. Kepala puskesmas dan instansi terkait agar dapat mengawasi dan mengkoordinasi kegiatan vaksinasi serta melakukan sosialisasi khususnya kesekolah-sekolah agar tepat sasaran.
Kata Kunci : Pendidikan, pengetahuan, sumber informasi, religius, dukungan keluarga, KIPI, keikutsertaan vaksin covid-19
In 2019, a mysterious case of pneumonia was first reported in the city of Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially announced the name of the disease causing the case as Coronavirus Disease 2019 or commonly referred to as Covid-19. Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2). Due to the rapid spread of cases, WHO has declared the status of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) / Public Health Emergency (KKM).
The purpose of this study was to see what factors influence community participation in the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccine at the Medan Tuntungan Health Center. The research design is quantitative with a cross sectional design. The research was carried out from December 2021 to February 2022 in the working area of the Tuntungan Health Center, Medan. Sampling using consecutive sampling, namely the technique of determining the sample with certain considerations until it reaches the desired number of 75 people. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The results of the study concluded that there was an effect of education (p=0.001), knowledge (p=0.000), sources of information (p=0.001), religious (p=0.000) family support (p=0.000), AEFI (p=0.000), on community participation in the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccine at the Medan Tuntungan Health Center. The most dominant variable influencing community participation is religious with a p value of 0.000 <0.05 and an Exp (B) value of 14.493. The conclusion in this study is that all research factors affect community participation in the implementation of vaccines and religious factors are the most dominant factors. Suggestions for the public to be able to increase knowledge by seeking information about covid-19 from valid sources because one of the basics of a person's religiosity is having good knowledge about covid-19. Heads of puskesmas and related agencies should be able to supervise and coordinate vaccination activities as well as conduct socialization especially to schools so that they are right on target.
Keywords : Education, knowledge, sources of information, religious,
family support, AEFI, participation in the covid-19 vaccine
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