Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Purun Tikus (Eleocharis Dulcis) Pada Komposit Poliester Terhadap Sifat Fisika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v10i1.3811Abstract
Serat purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) yang selama ini digunakan sebagai bahan baku kerajinan tangan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk pembuatan komposit. Tetapi pemanfaatan komposit masih memerlukan pengembangan agar mendapatkan sifat fisika yang baik. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan untuk membuat material komposit adalah metode pengepresan cetakan (mold pressing) dengan ukuran 20x20x0,5 cm. Variabel penelitian yang dipelajari adalah perbedaan komposisi serat purun (5%, 10%, dan 15%) terhadap berat resin poliester dan susunan serat sejajar, acak, dan anyaman. Komposisi serat purun dianalisa terhadap gugus fungsi dan sifat fisika. Analisa gugus fungsi dilakukan dengan fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), analisa komposisi dan ukuran kristal menggunakan X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Analisa sifat fisika meliputi densitas, daya serap air dan thickness swelling dari komposit. Berdasarkan hasil analisa gugus fungsi serat purun sebelum dan sesudah treatment yang diberikan kepada serat purun mampu mengurangi kadar lignin dan hemiselulosa serta bisa menambah gugus fungsi baru yaitu Si-O-C. Hasil dari derajat serat purun sebelum dan sesudah treatment memiliki karakteristik peak pada 2θ = 12,6o (selulosa I), 22,8o (selulosa II), karakteristik peak pada 2θ = 12, 6o, sedangkan untuk amorph peak pada 2θ = 21, 94o. Hasil tertinggi dari sifat fisik komposit diantaranya ialah densitas, water absorption, dan thickness swelling berturut-turut sebesar 0,9577 g/cm3, 10.07977%, dan 24.57x10-3%.
Kata Kunci: Serat purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis), komposit, poliester, sifat fisika.
Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) fiber, which has been used as a raw material for handicrafts, can be used as a material for making composites. However, the use of composites still requires development to obtain good physical properties. In this research, the method used to make composite materials is the mold pressing method with a size of 20x20x0.5 cm. The research variables studied were differences in purun fiber composition (5%, 10%, and 15%) on the weight of polyester resin and parallel, random, and woven fiber arrangements. The composition of purun fiber was analyzed for functional groups and physical properties. Functional group analysis was carried out using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), composition and crystal size analysis using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), analysis of physical properties including density, water absorption and swelling thickness of the composite. Based on the results of analysis of the functional groups of purun fiber before and after the treatment given to purun fiber, it can reduce lignin and hemicellulose levels and can add new functional groups, namely Si-O-C. The results of the degree of purun fiber before and after treatment have a characteristic peak at 2θ = 12.6o (cellulose I), 22.8o (cellulose II), a characteristic peak at 2θ = 12.6o while for amorph peak at 2θ = 21.94o. The highest results from the physical properties of the composite include density, water absorption, and thickness swelling of 0.9577 g/cm3, 10.07977%, and 24.57x10-3%, respectively.
Keywords: Rat purun (Eleocharis dulcis) fiber, composite, polyester, physical properties.
ÂReferences
Brum A. M., Luz, S. M. Winowlin Jappes, J. T., & Amico, S. C. (2019). Effect of silane treatment on the Curaua fibre/polyester interface. Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 48(4), 160–167.
Bhagat, V. K., Biswas, S., & Dehury, J. (2014). Physical, Mechanical, and Water Absorption Behavior of Coir/Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based Hybrid Composites. Polymer Composites, 35(5), 925–930.
Hairiyah, Nina. (2017). ‘Karakteristik mekanik mikrokomposit dari tongkol jagung dan limbah plastik polipropilene’. Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri Volume 4 Nomor 1.
Ibrahim, Dkk. (2019). “Potensi Penggunaan Serat Kulit Jagung Multiskala Sebagai Pengisi Penguat Dalam Biokomposit Berbasis Tepung Jagungâ€. Jurnal Of Advanced Engineering Materials And Composites Research Centre, Department Of Mechanical And Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Kwon, Dkk. (2013). “Sifat Tarik Serat Keanf dan Tepung Kulit Jagung Reinforced poly (asam laktat) Bio-Komposit Hibrida: Peran Rasio Aspek Serat Alamâ€. Jurnal Of Laboratorium. Adhesi & Bio-Komposit, Program Ilmu Material Lingkungan, Universitas Nasional Seoul, 151-921, Republik Korea.
Silva, I., Winowlin Jappes, J. T., & Amico, S. C. (2019). Effect of silane treatment on the Curaua fibre/polyester interface. Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 48(4), 160–167.
Syarief, A. (2011). “Uji Lentur Komposit Poliester – Serat Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis)â€. Jurnal Staf Pengajar Fakultas Teknik Unlam Banjarmasin.
Siakeng, R., Jawaid, M., Ariffin, H., & Salit, M. S. (2018). Effects of Surface Treatments on Tensile, Thermal and Fibre-matrix Bond Strength of Coir and Pineapple Leaf Fibres with Poly Lactic Acid. Journal of Bionic Engineering, 15(6), 1035–1046.
Song, H., Tang, M., Lei, X., Feng, Z., & Cheng, F. (2020). Preparation of ultrafine fly ash-based superhydrophobic composite coating and its application to foam concrete. Polymers, 12(10).
Sunardi dan Istikowati, W.T. (2012). ‘Analisis Kandungan Kimia Dan Sifat Serat Tanaman Purun Tikus (Eleocharis ulcis) Asal Kalimantan Selatan’. Jurnal Bioscientiae Volume 9, Nomor 2, Halaman 15-25.
Sari, Dkk. (2020). “Pengaruh Perendaman Air dan Kadar Serat Terhadap Sifat Serat Sekam Jagung Yang Diperkuat Komposit Poliester Termosetâ€. Jurnal Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia.
Sari, N. H., & Sinarep, S. (2011). Analisa Kekuatan Bending Komposit Epoxy Dengan Penguatan Serat Nilon. Dinamika Teknik Mesin, 1(1).
Singh, Y., Singh, J., Sharma, S., Lam, T.-D., & Nguyen, D.-N. (2020). Fabrication and characterization of coir/carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy based hybrid composite for helmet shells and sports-good applications: influence of fiber surface modifications on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(6), 15593–15603.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
I. ORIGINALITY, AUTHORSHIP, AND COPYRIGHT
The manuscripts submitted for publication must be research works written in English that have not been previously published and  are not being considered for publication elsewhere. All the authors must have agreed to the submission and to the order of their names on the title page. They must also have agreed that the corresponding author may act on their behalf throughout the editorial review and publication process. The corresponding author is responsible for obtaining such agreement.
Requests for changes in authorship (order of listing or addition or deletion of names) after submission should be accompanied by signed statements of agreement from all the parties involved. To maintain and protect the publisher‘s ownership and rights and to protect the original authors from misappropriations of their published work, author(s) are required to sign a Journal Publishing Agreement and send it to the editorial office (jhtm@uui.ac.id).
II. PERMISSION
The author is responsible for acquiring the permission(s) to reproduce any copyrighted figures, tables, data, or text that are being used in the submitted paper. Authors should note that text quotations of more than 250 words from a published or copyrighted work will require grant of permission from the original publisher to reprint. The written permission letter(s) must be submitted together with the manuscript.
III. EDITORIAL REVIEW AND REVISION
All papers will be critically read by at least two anonymous reviewers, selected for their competence in the subject area of the paper. Acceptance of the paper will depend upon its scientific merit and suitability for the journal. A paper may be accepted in its original form or subject to revision.
The reviewers' (and editor's) suggestions will be conveyed to the author, who will then have an opportunity to revise the paper. A manuscript returned to an author for revision can be held for a maximum of eight weeks.
The accepted paper will be edited by native English speakers. The cost of language editing service is currently free.
IV. PROOFS
Galley proofs (PDF format) for an accepted article will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author for copyediting corrections. The core content of an article cannot be changed at this time. It is the author's responsibility to check the entire manuscript, including tables, figure legends, and cited reference numbers, not just the items queried. The proofs should be corrected and mailed to the editorial office within 48 hours of receipt in order to expedite publication. Only one set of corrections will be accepted. In other words, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent to us in one communication.
V. Â REPRINTS
Five free reprint copies of the published article will be shipped to the corresponding authors in Indonesia only, approximately two weeks after the issue is printed. Authors, including overseas authors, who wish to purchase reprints, are required to complete the Reprint Order Form, which will be sent with the galley proofs to corresponding authors. This form must be returned together with the corrected galley proofs.
