FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA MAHASISWA DI KAMPUS X ACEH SELATAN

Authors

  • Asmidar Asmidar
  • Nur Aini
  • Ramadhani Syafitri Nasution
  • Ismail Efendy
  • Aida Fitria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v10i2.4410

Abstract

Prevalensi perokok di Indonesia masih tinggi dan mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Tingginya angka prevalensi perokok ini menimbulkan keprihatinan karena dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku merokok pada mahasiswa seperti iklan rokok, peran orang tua, peran teman dan ketersediaan rokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku merokok pada mahasiswa di kampus X Aceh Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa yang berada di campus X Aceh Selatan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 94 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara cluster proposional sampling. Data diperoleh dengan membagikan kuesioner. Metode analisa secara univariat, bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square, dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 40,4% responden merokok, 55,3% responden terpengaruh iklan rokok, 29,8% responden mudah mengakses tersedian rokok, 47,9% orang tua kurang berperan, dan 60,6% teman berperan untuk mengajak rokok. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan ada pengaruh iklan rokok (p-value=0,006), akses ketersediaan rokok (p-value=0,000), peran orang tua (p-value=0,002), dan peran teman (p-value=0,005) terhadap perilaku merokok. Sedangkan hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan faktor paling dominan adalah ketersediaan rokok (sig = 0,005, Exp (B) = 5,024). Adanya ketersediaan rokok di lingkungan kampus mempengaruhi perilaku merokok sebesar 5 kali. Diharapkan kepada pihak kampus untuk meningkatkan regulasi terkait penjualan rokok di sekitar lingkungan kampus dan memberikan sanksi kepada mahasiswa yang merokok. Serta kepada responden untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan pengaruh iklan rokok terhadap perilaku merokok, serta perlu mengembangkan kemampuan untuk menolak tekanan dari teman yang mengajak merokok. 

Kata Kunci     : Perilaku Merokok, Iklan Rokok, Ketersediaan Rokok, Peran Orang Tua, Peran Teman

The prevalence of smokers in Indonesia is still high and has increased every year. The high prevalence of smokers is a concern because it can hurt public health. Several factors influence smoking behaviour in students, such as cigarette advertising, the role of parents, the role of friends and the availability of cigarettes. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing smoking behaviour in campus X South Aceh students. This type of research is analytical with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students at campus X South Aceh, with a sample size of 94 people. The sampling technique was carried out using cluster proportional sampling. Data were obtained by distributing questionnaires. The analysis methods used were univariate, bivariate using the Chi-Square test, and multivariate using multiple logistic regression tests. The results showed that 40.4% of respondents smoked, 55.3% of respondents were influenced by cigarette advertising, 29.8% of respondents had easy access to the availability of cigarettes, 47.9% of parents played little role, and 60.6% of friends played a role in inviting them to smoke. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was an influence of cigarette advertising (p-value = 0.006), access to cigarette availability (p-value = 0.000), the role of parents (p-value = 0.002), and the role of friends (p-value = 0.005) on smoking behaviour. The results of the logistic regression test showed that the most dominant factor was the availability of cigarettes (sig = 0.005, Exp (B) = 5.024). The availability of cigarettes in the campus environment affects smoking behaviour by five times. It is hoped that the campus will improve regulations related to cigarette sales around the campus environment and impose sanctions on students who smoke. As well as for respondents to increase awareness of the influence of cigarette advertising on smoking behaviour and the need to develop the ability to resist pressure from friends who invite them to smoke.

Keywords         : Smoking Behavior, Cigarette Advertising, Cigarette Availability, Parental Role, Friend Role

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