PENGARUH STRES TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL DAN FISIK: TINJAUAN PSIKOLOGI KLINIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v11i1.5288Keywords:
stres, kesehatan mental, kesehatan fisik, psikologi klinis, coping adaptif.Abstract
Stres merupakan respons psikologis dan fisiologis yang timbul ketika individu menghadapi tuntutan atau tekanan yang melebihi kemampuan adaptasi dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam hubungan antara stres, kesehatan mental, dan kesehatan fisik dengan pendekatan psikologi klinis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur sistematis terhadap 45 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 2015–2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stres kronis dapat memengaruhi fungsi sistem saraf otonom, sistem endokrin, dan sistem imun, yang berimplikasi pada peningkatan risiko gangguan mental seperti depresi, kecemasan, serta gangguan fisik seperti hipertensi, penyakit jantung, dan gangguan metabolisme. Faktor protektif seperti coping adaptif, dukungan sosial, dan regulasi emosi terbukti mampu menurunkan dampak negatif stres. Implikasi temuan ini menekankan pentingnya intervensi psikologis preventif dan promotif untuk meningkatkan resiliensi individu terhadap stres.
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