ANALISIS FAKTOR ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BAITUSSALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v6i2.1241Abstrak
Anemia merupakan salah satu kelainan darah yang umum terjadi ketika kadar sel darah merah (eritrosit) dalam tubuh menjadi terlalu rendah. Hal ini menyebabkan masalah kesehatan karena sel darah merah mengandung hemoglobin, yang membawa oksigen ke jaringan tubuh (Proverawati, 2011). Menurut Badriah (2011), ibu hamil dengan anemia berat (< 7 g/dl) mempunyai risiko kematian pada persalinan 3,6 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil tanpa anemia. Kontribusi anemia terhadap kematian ibu dan bayi diperkirakan lebih tinggi lagi, antara 50-70%. Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018 kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil meningkat dibandingkan Riskesdas tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 48,9 %, dari 37,1 %.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Baitussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian observasional dengan rancangan case control. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada suatu pertimbangan tertentu yang dibuat oleh peneliti sendiri, berdasarkan ciri atau sifat-sifat populasi yang sudah diketahui sebelumnya, pada kelompok kasus diambil sampel sebanyak 30 ibu dan kelompok kontrol sebanyak 30 orang dengan menggunakan tehnik acak sederhana, analisis data menggunakan uji Chi square dan Odd ratio. Analisis data didapatkan faktor umur (p=0,038, OR=3,5), paritas (p=0,009, OR=4,7), usia kehamilan (p=0,119, OR=0,3) dan pendidikan (p=0,111, OR=2,7). Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh faktor, paritas dengan anemia pada kehamilan dan tidak ada pengaruh antara usia kehamilan dan pendidikan dengan kejadian anemia dalam kehamilan.
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Kata Kunci   : anemia dalam kehamilan, faktor anemia
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