Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (Apd) Pada Pekerja Pabrik PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra di Aceh Singkil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3423Abstrak
Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) yang baik sangat penting untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja. Akibat dari kecelakaan kerja, lebih dari 2,78 juta orang meninggal dunia setiap tahunnya. Salah satu pencegahan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja yaitu dengan cara menggunakan APD. Namun kesadaran pekerja Indonesia dalam mematuhi kebijakan K3 masih rendah, terbukti dari 24.425 perusahaan sebanyak 52% atau 12.745 perusahaan melanggar norma K3. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, kondisi APD dan pengawasan dengan perilaku penggunaan APD pada pekerja pabrik bagian bongkar muat kelapa sawit PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra di Aceh Singkil. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian seluruh pekerja pabrik bagian bongkar muat kelapa sawit PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra. Sampel pada penelitian adalah total sampling yaitu sebanyak 58 pekerja. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dari tanggal 10-19 Oktober 2022 menggunakan kuesioner dengan alat ukur wawancara. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square menggunakan program komputer Stata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 55.17% pekerja menggunakan APD dan 44.83% pekerja tidak menggunakan APD saat bekerja. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (p value 0.0001), sikap (p value 0.0001), kondisi APD (p value 0.0001), dan pengawasan (p value 0.0001) dengan perilaku penggunaan APD pada pekerja pabrik bagian bongkar muat kelapa sawit PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra di Aceh Singkil Tahun 2022. Perilaku penggunaan APD pada pekerja sudah baik tetapi masih ada pekerja yang belum menggunakan APD maka diharapkan kepada pimpinan perusahaan untuk memberikan pelatihan K3, dan menjalin hubungan yang lebih dekat dengan pekerja khususnya antara pengawas dan pekerja agar timbulnya sikap positif dari pekerja. Pimpinan perusahaan diharpkan dapat memberikan himbauan kepada pekerja dengan membuat SOP, dan mensosialisasikan jadwal pengawasan yang sudah dibuat mengenai APD secara rutin, serta mempertegas sanksi bagi pekerja yang tidak menggunakan APD.
Kata Kunci : APD, pengetahuan, sikap, pengawasan
The use of good Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is very important to reduce the risk of work accidents. As a result of work accidents, more than 2.78 million people die every year. One way to prevent work accidents is by using PPE. However, awareness of Indonesian workers in complying with K3 policies is still low, as evidenced by 24,425 companies, 52% or 12,745 companies violating K3 norms. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, PPE conditions and supervision with the behavior of using PPE among workers at the palm oil loading and unloading factory at PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra in Aceh Singkil. This research is descriptive analytical with a cross sectional design. The population in the study were all workers at the palm oil loading and unloading factory at PT Perkebunan Lembah Bhakti Astra. The sample in the research was a total sampling of 58 workers. Data collection was carried out from 10-19 October 2022 using a questionnaire with interview measuring instruments. The data were analyzed univariately and bivariately with the chi square test using the Stata computer program. The research results showed that as many as 55.17% of workers used PPE and 44.83% of workers did not use PPE when working. The results of the bivariate analysis show that there is a relationship between knowledge (p value 0.0001), attitude (p value 0.0001), PPE condition (p value 0.0001), and supervision (p value 0.0001) with the behavior of using PPE among palms oil loading and unloading factory workers at PT Astra Bhakti Valley Plantation in Aceh Singkil in 2022. The behavior of using PPE among workers is good but there are still workers who have not used PPE so it is hoped that company leaders will provide K3 training, and establish closer relationships with workers, especially between supervisors and workers so that a positive attitude of workers. It is hoped that company leaders can provide advice to workers by making SOPs, and socializing the monitoring schedule that has been made regarding PPE on a regular basis, as well as strengthening sanctions for workers who do not use PPE.
Keywords: PPE, knowledge, attitude, supervision
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