Determinan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lansia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ulee Kareng Kota Banda Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3520Abstrak
Terjadinya hipertensi pada lansia disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor tidak dapat dikendalikan meliputi keturunan, jenis kelamin, ras dan usia. Sedangkan faktor yang dapat dikendalikan meliputi status gizi, obesitas, kurang ativitas fisik, merokok, kadar kalium rendah, alkoholisme, stres dan pola makan yang salah atau berlebihan. Di Puskesmas Ulee Kareng, jumlah penderita hipertensi pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 1.895 orang dengan lansia hipertensi sebanyak 1.672 (88,2%) orang. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi, pola makan, dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulee Kareng Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah seluruh lansia dan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 34 orang pada kelompok case dan control dengan total 68 orang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 30 Mei 2023 s.d 21 Juni 2023. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil chi square test menunjukkan bahwa riwayat keluarga (p=0,025), status gizi (p=0,043), pola makan (p-0,049) pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulee Kareng Kota Banda Aceh. Terdapat hubungan antara riwayat keluarga, status gizi dan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulee Kareng Kota Banda Aceh. Diharapkan kepada petugas kesehatan agar dapat memberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada lansia dan keluarga tentang pentingnya pengaturan pola makan dan menjaga status gizi.
Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Riwayat Keluarga, Status Gizi.
The occurrence of hypertension in the elderly is caused by several uncontrollable factors including heredity, gender, race and age. While factors that can be controlled include nutritional status, obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, low potassium levels, alcoholism, stress and an incorrect or excessive diet. At the Ulee Kareng Health Center, the number of hypertensive patients in 2022 was 1,895 people with hypertensive elderly as many as 1,672 (88.2%) people. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status, diet, and family history with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly in the working area of the Ulee Kareng Health Center, Banda Aceh City. This research is quantitative analytic using a case control design. The population in this study were all elderly people and the sample in this study amounted to 34 people in the case and control groups with a total of 68 people. This research was conducted on May 30, 2023 to June 21, 2023. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the chi square test showed that family history (p=0.025), nutritional status (p=0.043), diet (p-0.049) in the elderly in the working area of the Ulee Kareng Health Center, Banda Aceh City. There is a relationship between family history, nutritional status and diet with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly in the working area of the Ulee Kareng Health Center, Banda Aceh City. It is hoped that health workers can provide health education to the elderly and families about the importance of regulating diet and maintaining nutritional status.
Keywords: hypertension, family history, nutritional statusReferensi
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