Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pidie Kabupaten Pidie Tahun 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v10i1.3776Abstrak
ABSTRACT
Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu cukup lama karena pemberian makanan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Pada tahun 2017 sekitar 150,8 juta atau 22,2% balita di dunia mengalami stunting., Di Puskesmas Pidie pada Tahun 2023 penderita stunting sebanyak 100 responden. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah “Faktor Risiko Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pidie Kabupaten Pidie Tahun 2023â€. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan risiko riwayat penyakit infeksi, dan imunisasi dengan kejadian stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pidie Kabupaten Pidie Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 19 Desember 2023 s.d 4 Januari 2024. Penelitian berbentuk survei analitik dengan pendekatan desain studi case control, teknik pengambilan sampek dengan Total Sampling pada sampel 100 responden. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik chi-square. Hasil analisa bivariat dari 100 responden diperoleh bahwa ada hubungan risiko dengan kejadian stunting dengan riwayat penyakit infeksi (P=0,000), dan imunisasi (P=0,000) Bedasarkan hasil tersebut maka saran yang dapat diberikan yaitu: Agar memperhatikan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan dan asupan gizi yang diberikan terutama faktor lain yang berkaitan dengan stunting agar mencegah peningkatan stunting secara komprehansif mengendalikan faktor resikonya.
Kata Kunci: kejadian stunting, riwayat penyakit infeksi,dan imunisasi
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by insufficient nutritional intake over a long period of time due to providing food that does not meet needs. In 2017, around 150.8 million or 22.2% of children under five in the world experienced stunting. In Pidie Health Center in 2023, there will be 100 respondents suffering from stunting. The problem studied in this research is "Risk Factors for Stunting in Toddlers in the Pidie Community Health Center Working Area, Pidie Regency in 2023". This research aims to determine the relationship between the risk of a history of infectious disease and immunization with the incidence of stunting in the work area of the Pidie Health Center, Pidie Regency in 2023. This research was conducted from 19 December 2023 to 4 January 2024. The research took the form of an analytical survey with a control case study design approach, techniques sampling with Total Sampling on a sample of 100 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square statistics. The results of bivariate analysis from 100 respondents showed that there was a relationship between the risk of stunting and a history of infectious disease (P=0.000) and immunization (P=0.000). Based on these results, suggestions that can be given are: To pay attention to environmental sanitation conditions and adequate nutritional intake. especially other factors related to stunting in order to prevent the increase in stunting by comprehensively controlling the risk factors.
Keywords: incidence of stunting, history of infectious diseases, and immunizationReferensi
Adani, F. Y., & Nindya, T. S. 2017. Perbedaan asupan energi, protein, zink dan perkembangan pada balita stunting dan non stunting. Amerta Nutrition,
Andriani & Wirjatmadi. 2014. Gizi dan Kesehatan Balita. Jakarta: Kencana.
Abeng, Ismail & Hurity.2014. Sanitasi, Infeksi, dan Status Gizi anak Balita di Kecamatan Tenggarong Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia,
Ahmad, A., Madanijah, S., Dwiriani, C. M., & Kolopaking, R. 2018. “Iron Deficiency Risk Factors in Undernourished Children Aged 6-23 Months in Aceh, Indonesia.†Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan.
Ausburg, B., & Lesmes, P. A. R. 2018. “Sanitation and Child Health in India.â€World Development.
Baculu, A.P.H. 2017. “Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu dan Asupan Karbohidrat dengan Status Gizi pada Anak Balita Di Desa Kalangkangan Kecamatan Galang Kabupaten Toli-Toli.†Promotif.
Bandawati, Mexitalia, M., & Rahfiludin, M.Z. 2016. “Pengaruh asupan Energi dan Protein terhadap Perubahan Status Gizi Pasien Anak Selama Dirawat di RSUP dr. Karyadi Semarang.†Jurnal Gizi Indonesia.
Chamilia, D. & Nindya. 2017. Hubungan Riwayat Penyakit Diare dan Praktik Hygiene dengan kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simolang Surabaya. Amerta Nutrition.
Damayanti, R. A., Muniroh, L., & Farapti. 2016. Perbedaan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi dan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif pada balita stunting dan non stunting. Media Gizi Indonesia,
Dearden et al. 2017. Children with acces to Improved Sanitation but not Improved water are at Lower risk of Stunting Compared to Children Without Access : a Cohort Study in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. BMC Publich Health.
Dewi & Widari. 2018. Hubungan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah dan Penyakit Infeksi dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Baduta di Desa Maron Kidul Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo. Amerta Nutrition.
Dinkes Aceh, 2020 dan 2021, Profil Dinas Kesehatan Aceh.
Fatemi, M.J., Fararaouei, M., Moravej, H., & Dianatinasab, M. 2018. Stunting and Its Associated Factorsamong 6-7 year old Children in Southern Iran : a Nested Case-Control Study.†Public Health Nutrition.
Fentiana, N., & Sinarsih. 2018. “Prevalensi Stunting Balita di Medan Indonesia Akibat Defisiensi Asupan Energi : Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi.â€Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Khatilistiwa.
Giao, H., An, P.L., Vien, N.T., Khanh, T.V., & Vinh, B.Q. 2019. “Stunting and Overweight among 12-24 Month Old Children Receiving Vaccination in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.†BioMed Research International, 2019.
Goyal. P., Lukhmana, S., Dixit, S., & Singh, A. 2019. “Malnutrition and Childhood Illness among 1-5 year Old Children in an Urban Slum in Faridabad: a Cross Sectional Study.†Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 9(1): 19-22.
Hadriyati, A., Marisdayana, R., & Ajizah. 2016. “ Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan dan Tindakan 3M Plus Terhadap Kejadian DBD.†Journal Endurance.
Hafid, F., Djabu, U., Udin, & Nasrul. 2017. “ Efek Program SBABS Terhadap Pencegahan Stunting Anak Baduta di Kabupaten Banggai dan Sigi.†Indonesian Journal Of Human Nutrition.
Hairunis, M. N., Rohmawati, N., & Ratnawati, L. Y. 2016. Determinan kejadian stunting pada anak balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Soromandi Kabupaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat. E-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehatan.
Handayani, O. W., & Prameswari, G. N. 2012. Daerah Positive Deviance sebagai Rekomendasi Model Perbaikan Gizi. Jurnal Kemas.
Handayani, O.W.K., Rahayu,T., Budiono, Irwan., Hunnirun, P., Tornee, S., & Hansakul, A. 2014. “Modal Sosial dan Status Gizi Balita di Daerah Pedesaan di Indonesia dan di Thailand.†Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 10(1):88-95.
Handono, N. P. 2010. Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Pada Nutrisi, Pola Makan, Dan Energi Tingkat Konsumsi Dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia Lima Tahun Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Selogiri, Wonogiri. Jurnal Keperawatan, 1, 1–7.
Hardianti, R., Dieny, F.F., & Wijayanti H.S. 2018.â€Picky eating dan Status Gizi pada Anak Prasekolah.†Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 6(2): 123-130.
Kemenkes, RI 2018, Tentang Pencegahan Stunting.
Kemenkes RI 2022, Laporan Studi Status Gizi Indonesia.
Puskesmas Pidie, Pengambilan data awal.
Riskesdas 2013, dan 2018, Tentang pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular.
Whold Health Organization, 2018 Tentang pengendalian penyakit tidak menular/ PTM
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
I. ORIGINALITY, AUTHORSHIP, AND COPYRIGHT
The manuscripts submitted for publication must be research works written in English that have not been previously published and  are not being considered for publication elsewhere. All the authors must have agreed to the submission and to the order of their names on the title page. They must also have agreed that the corresponding author may act on their behalf throughout the editorial review and publication process. The corresponding author is responsible for obtaining such agreement.
Requests for changes in authorship (order of listing or addition or deletion of names) after submission should be accompanied by signed statements of agreement from all the parties involved. To maintain and protect the publisher‘s ownership and rights and to protect the original authors from misappropriations of their published work, author(s) are required to sign a Journal Publishing Agreement and send it to the editorial office (jhtm@uui.ac.id).
II. PERMISSION
The author is responsible for acquiring the permission(s) to reproduce any copyrighted figures, tables, data, or text that are being used in the submitted paper. Authors should note that text quotations of more than 250 words from a published or copyrighted work will require grant of permission from the original publisher to reprint. The written permission letter(s) must be submitted together with the manuscript.
III. EDITORIAL REVIEW AND REVISION
All papers will be critically read by at least two anonymous reviewers, selected for their competence in the subject area of the paper. Acceptance of the paper will depend upon its scientific merit and suitability for the journal. A paper may be accepted in its original form or subject to revision.
The reviewers' (and editor's) suggestions will be conveyed to the author, who will then have an opportunity to revise the paper. A manuscript returned to an author for revision can be held for a maximum of eight weeks.
The accepted paper will be edited by native English speakers. The cost of language editing service is currently free.
IV. PROOFS
Galley proofs (PDF format) for an accepted article will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author for copyediting corrections. The core content of an article cannot be changed at this time. It is the author's responsibility to check the entire manuscript, including tables, figure legends, and cited reference numbers, not just the items queried. The proofs should be corrected and mailed to the editorial office within 48 hours of receipt in order to expedite publication. Only one set of corrections will be accepted. In other words, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent to us in one communication.
V. Â REPRINTS
Five free reprint copies of the published article will be shipped to the corresponding authors in Indonesia only, approximately two weeks after the issue is printed. Authors, including overseas authors, who wish to purchase reprints, are required to complete the Reprint Order Form, which will be sent with the galley proofs to corresponding authors. This form must be returned together with the corrected galley proofs.
