FORMULASI SALEP EKSTRAK DAUN BIDURI (Calotropis gigantea L.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v7i2.4195Abstrak
Staphylococcus aureus merupakan patogen utama pada manusia yang menyebabkan penyakit kulit. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus ditandai dengan kerusakan jaringan yang disertai abses bernanah seperti bisul, jerawat, impetigo, dan infeksi luka. Daun biduri memilki bahan aktif yaitu alkaloid, polifenol, steroid, and saponin yang diduga mempunyai efek antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kestabilan sifat fisik ekstrak daun biduri yang diformulasikan kedalam sediaan salep dan seberapa besar efektivitas yang dihasilkan oleh formulasi salep ekstrak daun biduri (Calotropis gigantea L.) sebagai antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian ini yaitu eksperimental laboratorium dengan pengujian secara in vitro. Extrak daun biduri diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan metanol. Salep dibuat menggunakan basis hidrokarbon. Salep yang telah dihasilkan selanjutnya diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode difusi agar, kemudian diameter daya hambat diukur dengan menggunakan jangka sorong. Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus akan diuji dengan salep ekstrak daun biduri dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 12,5%, 25%, dan 50%, kelompok kontrol positif salep gentamicin dan kelompok kontrol negatif basis salep. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) masing-masing kelompok dilakukan lima kali pengulangan. Analisis data yang diperoleh secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diameter zona inhibisi untuk Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi formulasi ekstrak daun biduri 12,5% (0 mm); 25% (0 mm) dan 50% (0 mm). Kontrol negatif (basis salep) (0 mm) dan kontrol positif (salep gentamicin) (14,4 mm). Hasil uji ini menunjukkan bahwa salep ekstrak daun biduri tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus.
Kata kunci: Ekstrak Daun Biduri, Salep, Antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus.
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in humans which cause skin infections. The disease is caused by Staphylococcus aureus that characterized by tissue damage accompanied by abscesses such as ulcers, acne, impetigo, and wound infections. Calotropis gigantea leaves have an active ingredient which is alkaloid, polifenol, steroid, and saponin are believed as antibacterial effects. The main objective of the present study is to know the stability of physical properties with formulation of extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves and to determine how much effectiveness as antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus. This research was an experimental laboratory with in vitro test. The extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves obtained from maceration method using methanol. The ointment was made based of hydrocarbon. The obtained ointment then was examined on bacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus using agar diffusion method, then the diameter of the zone of inhibition measured by using sliding term. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is tested with ointment containing extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves with concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, and 50%, gentamicin ointment is used as positive control and ointment base was used as negative. This study used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) each group performed five repetitions. The Analyzes were performed using descriptive study. The results showed that the diameter of the zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 12,5% (0 mm); 25% (0 mm) and 50% (0 mm). Negative control (0 mm) and positive control (14.4 mm). The results of this test indicate that ointment containing Extract of Calotropis gigantea leaves did not show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
Keywords : Extract of Calotropis gigantea Leaves, Ointment, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus.
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