Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Padang Tiji Kabupaten Pidie
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v7i1.1404Abstrak
Anemia merupakan salah satu kelainan darah yang umum terjadi ketika kadar sel darah merah (eritrosit) dalam tubuh menjadi terlalu rendah yaitu < 11 gram/dl. Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Padang Tiji pada tahun 2018 dari 518 ibu hamil sebanyak 102 orang (19.69%) mengalami anemia, dan pada tahun 2019 terjadi peningkatan jumlah anemia pada ibu hamil yaitu dari 530 orang ibu hamil sebanyak 120 orang (22.64%) mengalami anemia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Padang Tiji Kabupaten Pidie. Metode penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh ibu hamil yang tercatat di Puskesmas Padang Tiji pada bulan November 2020 sebanyak 40 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara total populasi. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan pengumpulan data variabel dependen dengan cara observasi yaitu melakukan pengukuran kadar HB secara langsung saat penelitian dan variabel independen dengan cara membagikan kuesioner. Pengumpulan data telah dilakukan pada tanggal 23 November – 5 Desember 2020. Pengolahan data menggunakan teknik komputerisasi dan analisa data secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa pada variabel usia kehamilan (p value=0.008, OR=9.200), paritas (p value=0.007, OR=9.524), pendapatan (p value=0.041, OR=4.571), riwayat anemia (p value=0.030, OR=9.600), pengetahuan (p value=0.001, OR=30.333), kepatuhan mengkonsumsi tablet Fe (p value=0.000, OR=34.286), sikap (p value=0.001, OR=14.667). kesimpulannya ada hubungan usia kehamilan, paritas, pendapatan, riwayat anemia, pengetahuan, kepatuhan mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dan sikap ibu dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Padang Tiji Kabupaten Pidie. Saran diharapkan bagi ibu hamil agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi selama kehamilan, patuh mengkonsumsi tablet Fe, dan meningkatkan pengetahuannya tentang anemia kehamilan. Bagi petugas kesehatan agar dapat memberikan edukasi secara berkesinambungan bagi ibu hamil maupun bagi pasangan usia subur yang akan merencanakan kehamilan tentang pentingnya pencegahan anemia kehamilan.
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Kata Kunci     : Anemia kehamilan, usia kehamilan, pendapatan, paritas, riwayat anemia, pengetahuan, kepatuhan, sikapUnduhan
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