Hubungan Pola Asuh Ibu dengan Karies Gigi Anak Balita di TK Perkebunan Nusantara I Kota Langsa Tahun 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i1.2834Abstrak
Masalah karies merupakan penyakit yang sangat luas penyebarannya, dan penderita terbanyak adalah kelompok umur anak-anak. Provinsi Aceh merupakan Provinsi urutan ke-7 dari keseluruhan Provinsi yang ada di Indonesia dengan penduduk yang bermasalah terhadap gigi dan mulut yaitu 30,5%. Sedangkan di lihat dari kelompok usia 1-4 tahun mencapai 10,4%6. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Langsa pada tahun 2017 angka prevalensi karies gigi pada balita 2-5 tahun adalah sebanyak 306 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh ibu dengan karies gigi anak balita di TK Perkebunan Nusantara I Kota Langsa Tahun 2019. Jenis Penelitian menggunakan survey analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak yang mengalami karies gigi di TK Perkebunan Nusantara I Kota Langsa. Sampel penelitian diambil dari populasi sebanyak 89 orang dengan masing-masing strata (proportional startifed sampling) dan sampel sebanyak 73 responden. Teknik analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan hubungan pola asuh ibu berdasarkan dimensi kontrol (p-value 0,001), dimensi kehangatan (p- value 0,000), dan jenis pola asuh ibu (p-value 0,002) terhadap karies gigi pada anak. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sub variabel dimensi kehangatan menjadi penyebab utama karies gigi dengan nilai OR sebesar 13,349 dan IK 3,386-52,632. Saran penelitian ini diberikan kepada orang tua agar memperhatikan pola asuh terhadap anak untuk pencegahan terjadinya karies sejak dini, terutama memberikan motivasi dan perhatian serta contoh perilaku kepada anak untuk selalu menjaga kebersihan gigi. Serta diadakan program penyuluhan dari institusi kesehatan agar informasi tentang perawatan gigi anak dapat diketahui orang tua untuk mengatasi kasus karies.
Kata kunci : Karies Gigi, Dimensi Kontrol, Dimensi Kehangatan, Jenis Pola Asuh.
The problem of caries is a very widespread disease, and most sufferers are children in the age group. Aceh Province is the 7th province of all provinces in Indonesia with a population with oral and dental problems, namely 30.5%. Whereas seen from the age group 1-4 years it reaches 10.4% 6. Data from the Langsa City Health Office in 2017, the prevalence rate of dental caries in children 2-5 years old was 306 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal parenting and dental caries in children under five at Kindergarten Perkebunan Nusantara I Langsa City in 2019. This type of research used analytical survey with cross sectional design. The population of this study were all children who had dental caries in TK Perkebunan Nusantara I Langsa City. The research sample was taken from a population of 89 people with each strata (proportional started sampling) and a sample of 73 respondents. Data analysis techniques used univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis using logistic regression tests. The results showed a significant influence on the relationship between maternal parenting based on the control dimension (p-value 0.001), warmth dimension (p-value 0.000), and the type of parenting style (p-value 0.002) on dental caries in children. The conclusion of this study shows that the sub-variable of the warmth dimension is the main cause of dental caries with an OR value of 13.349 and CI 3.386-52.632. Suggestions for this study are given to parents to pay attention to child care patterns to prevent caries from an early age, especially to provide motivation and attention as well as examples of behavior for children to always maintain dental hygiene. As well as an extension program from health institutions so that information about children's dental care can be known by parents to deal with caries cases.
Keywords: Dental Caries, Control Dimension, Warm Dimension, Type of                       Parenting.
Referensi
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