Faktor - faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Lansia di Kecamatan Kuta Alam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i1.2837Abstrak
Hipertensi merupakan peningkatan tekanan darah baik diastolik maupun sistolik secara hilang timbul atau menetap. Hipertensi menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat karena potensinya yang mampu mengakibatkan kondisi komplikasi seperti stroke. Meningkatnya prevalensi hipertensi pada umumnya disebabkan karena adanya perubahan gaya hidup, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran pola penyakit dari penyakit-penyakit infeksi bergeser kepenyakit-penyakit chronic degenerative. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di kecamatan Kuta Alam. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional study. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tanggal tanggal 15 sampai dengan 23 Februari 2023. Populasi dalam penelitian seluruh penderita Hipertensi berjumlah 477 orang. Sementara itu jumlah lansia di Kecamatan Kuta Alam. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling yaitu 35 lansia di kecamatan Kuta Alam. Pengumpulan data mengggunakan data primer. Analisis menggunakan chi square, teknik analisa univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian diperoleh terdapat hubungan genetic (p value 0,015), merokok p value 0,040), serta tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan jenis kelamin (p value 0,123), aktifitas fisik ( p value 0,388), obesitas (p value 0,700), aktifitas fisik (p value 0,135), stress (p value 0,106) dan kualitas tidur (value 0.685) dengan kejadian hipertensi. Diharapkan kepada lansia untuk melakukan pemantauan tekanan darah secara rutin, dengan rutin datang ke posyandu lansia untuk pemeriksaan kesehatan mengingat hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh multi faktor.
Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Jenis Kelamin, Genetik, Merokok, Obesitas, Aktifitas Fisik, Stres, Pola tidur
Hypertension is an increase in blood pressure, both diastolic and systolic, intermittently or persistently. Hypertension is a public health threat because of its potential to cause complications such as stroke. The increasing prevalence of hypertension is generally caused by changes in lifestyle, causing a shift in disease patterns from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly in Kuta Alam. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional study method. Data collection was carried out on 15 to February 23, 2022. The population in the study of all patients with hypertension was 477 people. Meanwhile, the number of elderly people in Kuta Alam District is 365 people. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling with a comparison, namely 35 elderly people in Kuta Alam. Data collection using primary data. The results showed that there was a relationship between genetic (p value 0.015), smoking (p value 0.040), and no relationship between gender (p value 0.003 for rural areas), physical activity (p value 0.123), obesity (p value 0,700), physical activity (p value 0.135), stress (p value 0.106) and sleep quality (p value 0,685) with the incidence of hypertension. It is expected that the elderly will monitor blood pressure regularly, by routinely coming to the elderly Posyandu for health checks considering that hypertension is a disease caused by multiple factors.
Keywords: Hypertension, Gender, Genetics, Smoking, Obesity, Physical Activity, Stress, Sleep patternReferensi
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