Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Demam Tifoid di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rikit Gaib Kabupaten Gayo Lues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3471Abstrak
Latar Belakang Masalah: Demam tifoid adalah infeksi yang mengancam jiwa yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella Typhi. Biasanya menyebar melalui makanan atau air yang terkontaminasi. Kasus yang parah dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius atau bahkan kematian. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh di tahun 2019 hingga 2020 kasus demam tifoid terjadi peningkatan 60 % dengan jumlah 3.254 kasus. Berdasarkan rekapitulasi laporan demam tifoid sekabupaten Gayo Lues pada tahun 2018 hingga 2020 kasus demam tifoid masih tinggi yaitu 483 kasus. Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sarana air bersih, penggunaan jamban, dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian demam tifoid di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rikit Gaib Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian berbentuk survey analitik dengan teknik case control dan gabungan metode probability sampling. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 19 Januari s.d 08 Februari 2022. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik chi-squre. Hasil analisa bivariat dari 104 responden, dengan jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 51 kasus dan 51 kontrol. Hasil penelitian: Diperoleh bahwa ada hubungan antara sarana air bersih (P. 0,002), penggunaan jamban (P. 0,001), dan personal hygiene (P. 0,002) dengan kejadian demam tifoid.. Saran: Diharapkan kepada setiap ibu untuk menjaga kebersihan diri, keluarga, dan lingkungan dalam mencegah penyakit demam tifoid dan kepada instansi terkait supaya melaksanakan sosialisasi secara maksimal.
Kata Kunci : Demam tifoid, sumber air bersih, penggunaan jamban dan personal hygiene
Problem Background: Typhoid fever is a life-threatening infection caused by Salmonella Typhi bacteria. It usually spreads through contaminated food or water. Severe cases can cause serious complications or even death. Based on data obtained from the Aceh Province Health Profile in 2019 to 2020, typhoid fever cases increased by 60% with a total of 3,254 cases. Based on the recapitulation of typhoid fever reports in Gayo Lues Regency from 2018 to 2020, typhoid fever cases were still high, namely 483 cases. Research objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between clean water facilities, latrine use and personal hygiene with the incidence of typhoid fever in the Rikit Gaib Community Health Center work area, Gayo Lues Regency. Research Method: Research takes the form of an analytical survey with case control techniques and a combination of probability sampling methods. The research was carried out from January 19 to February 8 2022. Data was analyzed using chi-square statistics. Bivariate analysis results from 104 respondents, with the number of samples in this study being 51 cases and 51 controls. Research results: It was found that there was a relationship between clean water facilities (P. 0.002), use of toilets (P. 0.001), and personal hygiene (P. 0.002) with the incidence of typhoid fever. Suggestion: Every mother is expected to maintain personal hygiene, families, and the environment in preventing typhoid fever and to related agencies to carry out maximum outreach.
Keywords : Typhoid fever, clean water sources, use of latrines and personal hygiene
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