Perbedaan Berat Badan Sebelum dan Sesudah Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Berbahan Pangan Lokal Pada Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Kecamatan Blang Mangat Kota Lhokseumawe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3597Abstrak
Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita (bayi di bawah lima tahun) akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga tinggi dan berat badan anak tidak sesuai dengan usianya. Kekurangan gizi terjadi sejak bayi dalam kandungan dan pada masa awal setelah bayi lahir akan tetapi kondisi stunting baru terlihat setelah bayi berusia 2 (dua) tahun. Anak yang mengalami gizi kronis ditandai dengan tinggi badan yang lebih rendah atau pendek (kerdil) dari standar usianya. Indonesia menempati urutan kedua di Asia Tenggara dan keempat dunia dengan beban anak yang mengalami stunting. Berdasarkan hasil Studi Kasus Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2021, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia berada di 24,4 persen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Berat Badan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Berbahan Pangan Lokal Pada Kejadian Stunting Di Wilayah Kerja Kecamatan Blang Mangat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen murni, desain penelitian menggunakan posttest only control group design. Stephen Isaac dkk (1984), menjelaskan bahwa penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol pada 1 sampel. Analisis data menggunakan uji T-Test dan korelasi produk moment pearson dengan bantuan Komputerisasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Total Sampling yaitu seluruh populasi yang terdiri dari 65 baduta dan balita yang mengalami stunting, pengumpulan data dilaksanakan mulai tanggal 7 September sampai dengan 9 November Tahun 2023. Analisa data dilakukan dengan analisa data dengan menggunakan uji statistik T-tes independent. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan melakukan observasi langsung kenaikan berat badan setiap 2 kalai dalam sebulan para responden dan kemudian dikumpulkan dan diolah dengan sistem komputerisasi melalui editing, coding dan tabulating. Hasil analisis data berat badan dilakukan dengan teknik independent sample t-test, diketahui nilai Signifikan 0,000. Nilai Signifikansi yang telah ditetapkan yaitu sebesar 0,05 (Sig.2 tailed < 0,05) maka H0 ditolak, sedangkan Ha diterima. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai Sig 2 tailed yaitu 0,000 lebih kecil dibandingkan nilai signifikansi yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 0,05 (Sig.2 tailed<0,05, 0,000<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil uji analisa tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada rata-rata skor berat badan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Disarankan dapat menjadi sumber informasi bagi pemerintah kota Lhokseumawe dalam meningkatkan komunikasi dan sinergi antara pusat dan daerah harus terjalin baik dalam meningkatkan upaya-upaya inovatif dalam percepatan penyelesaian masalah kesehatan, khususnya penanganan stunting.
Kata Kunci : Berat Badan, Pemberian Makanan Berbahan Pangan Lokal, Stunting
Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five years old (babies under five years) resulting from chronic malnutrition so that the child's height and weight do not match their age. Malnutrition occurs when the baby is in the womb and in the early days after the baby is born, but stunting only appears after the baby is 2 (two) years old. Children who experience chronic malnutrition are characterized by a lower or shorter height (stunt) than their age standard. Indonesia ranks second in Southeast Asia and fourth in the world in terms of the burden of children experiencing stunting. Based on the results of the 2021 Indonesian Nutrition Case Study (SSGI), the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is 24.4 percent. The aim of this research is to determine the difference in body weight before and after giving additional food made from local food to reduce the incidence of stunting in the Blang Mangat sub-district work area. The research design used in this research uses pure experimental research; the research design uses posttest-only control group design. Stephen Isaac et al. (1984) explained that this research involved two experimental groups and a control group in one sample. Data analysis used the T-test and Pearson product moment correlation with the help of computerization. The sample in this study was total sampling, namely the entire population consisting of 65 toddlers and toddlers who experienced stunting. Data collection was carried out from September 7 to November 9, 2023. Data analysis was carried out by analyzing the data using the independent T-test statistical test. Data collection was carried out by distributing direct observations of weight gain every two times a month among respondents, and then collected and processed using a computerized system through editing, coding, and tabulating. The results of the analysis of body weight data were carried out using the independent sample t-test technique, and it was found that the significant value was 0.000. The significance value that has been set is 0.05 (Sig.2 tailed < 0.05), so H0 is rejected while Ha is accepted. The analysis results show that the Sig. 2 tailed value is 0.000, which is smaller than the significance value that has been set, namely 0.05 (Sig. 2 tailed <0.05, 0.000 <0.05). Based on the results of the analysis test, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the average body weight score between the experimental group and the control group. It is recommended that it be a source of information for the Lhokseumawe city government in improving communication and synergy between the center and the regions. It must be well established to increase innovative efforts in accelerating the resolution of health problems, especially stunting.
Keywords: body weight, providing food made from local food, stunting
Referensi
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