Hubungan Pengetahuan Keluarga Dalam Menjaga Kebersihan Gigi Dan Mulut Pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Muara Tiga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v10i1.4113Abstrak
Latar belakang: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut sangat penting bagi kesehatan mental, di mana kondisi gigi yang tidak terjaga bisa berpengaruh buruk terhadap kestabilan psikologis dan interaksi sosial seseorang. Di Puskesmas Muara Tiga, tercatat kunjungan pasien dengan gangguan mental sangat sedikit, hanya sebanyak 6 pasien dan sebagian besar dari mereka memiliki kondisi gigi yang memprihatinkan, termasuk kebutuhan akan pencabutan gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa korelasi antara pengetahuan keluarga pasien gangguan mental dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut pasien tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga dan pasien dengan gangguan mental yang stabil di Puskesmas Muara Tiga. Jumlah total pasien gangguan jiwa adalah 52 orang, namun dengan teknik purposive sampling dan kriteria tertentu, jumlah sampel adalah 34 pasien. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 70.6% keluarga pasien memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai kesehatan gigi, sementara 29.4% dianggap kurang. Hal ini tercermin pada kondisi kebersihan gigi pasien, dengan 14.7% dalam kondisi baik, 52.9% dalam kondisi sedang, dan 32.4% dalam kondisi buruk. Analisis Chi-Square membuktikan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan keluarga dan kebersihan gigi dan mulut pasien, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keluarga yang memiliki pengetahuan baik mengenai perawatan gigi dan mulut cenderung memiliki anggota keluarga dengan kondisi kebersihan gigi yang baik atau sedang. Sebaliknya, keluarga dengan pengetahuan yang kurang cenderung memiliki anggota keluarga dengan kondisi kebersihan gigi yang buruk. Hal ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran keluarga terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut, khususnya bagi pasien gangguan jiwa.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut, Kesehatan jiwa, Pasien gangguan jiwa, Perawatan gigi dan mulut.
Background: Oral health has a significant impact on mental health, where poor conditions can negatively affect an individual's psychological and social aspects. At the Muara Tiga Health Center, it was noted that visits by mental disorder patients are exceedingly minimal, with only six patients visiting and most having poor dental conditions, including the need for tooth extractions. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the level of knowledge of families of mental disorder patients and the status of the patients' oral hygiene.. Research Methodology: This research employs a cross-sectional design in a quantitative approach, with the study population including families and patients with calm-type mental disorders in the working area of the Muara Tiga Health Center. The total number of mental disorder patients was 52, but using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the sample size for the study amounted to 34 mental disorder patients.. Results: The research findings show that 70.6% of patient companions have good knowledge of dental and oral health, while 29.4% still lack knowledge. This is reflected in the oral hygiene status of patients: 14.7% were categorized as good, 52.9% moderate, and 32.4% poor. Chi-Square analysis revealed a significant relationship between family knowledge level and patient oral hygiene status, with a significance value of 0.000. Conclusion: The conclusion from this study states that families with good knowledge of dental and oral care tend to have members with better or moderate oral hygiene. Meanwhile, less good knowledge is associated with poorer oral hygiene status in mental disorder patients. This emphasizes the importance of improving family knowledge and awareness about the significance of dental and oral health for mental disorder patients.
Keyword : Oral health, Mental health, Dental and oral care, Mental disorder.
Referensi
Ariyanti, R., & Rahayu, T. (2023). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Mengenai Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien dengan Gangguan Jiwa. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 18(1), 25-34.
Agustin, D. A., & Suhartini, T. (2022). Peran Keluarga dalam Perawatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 5(3), 190-197.
Fatimah, N., & Surya, M. (2022). Hubungan Antara Tingkat Pengetahuan Keluarga dan Perawatan Kebersihan Mulut pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Wilayah Puskesmas X. Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental, 15(2), 102-110.
Indrawati, L., & Rachmawati, S. (2020). Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Keluarga dengan Praktik Pemeliharaan Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien Skizofrenia. Jurnal Kesehatan, 8(1), 87-94.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2021). Pedoman Pelayanan Kesehatan Jiwa Masyarakat Tahun 2021. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien dengan Gangguan Jiwa. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Lestari, S., & Handayani, D. (2023). Edukasi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut untuk Keluarga Pasien Gangguan Jiwa: Studi Kasus di Puskesmas Muara Tiga. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 15(1), 45-52.
Wulandari, E., & Kartini, A. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan Keluarga terhadap Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 14(2), 130-137.
World Health Organization. (2021). Oral Health and Mental Disorders: A Review of Current Practices and Recommendations. Geneva: WHO.
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