UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) DALAM SEDIAAN LOTION SEBAGAI REPELLENT NYAMUK Aedes aegypti
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.4204Abstrak
Salah satu penyakit ini ditularkan oleh nyamuk adalah demam berdarah dengue (DBD). Penyakit DBD ini disebabkan oleh suatu vektor yaitu nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Tanaman mengkudu terutama pada bagian daun menunjukkan hasil bahwa pada bagian daun mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, fenol, steroid, tanin, saponin, dan triterpenoid. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian eksperimental yaitu suatu penelitian dengan melakukan kegiatan percobaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmasetika Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia pada tanggal 3 Juni - 10 September tahun 2018. Adapun tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemeliharaan larva Aedes aegypti, pembuatan ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu dan formulasi lotion. Sedangkan evaluasi sediaan lotion yang dilakukan meliputi pengukuran pH, uji iritasi, pengamatan homogenitas, pengamatan organoleptis, dan uji penolak terhadap nyamuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengujian pH pada sediaan lotion daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) pada kelompok kontrol pH 6, formulasi I pH 7, formulasi II pH 7 serta hasil uji iritasi adalah positif dan bersifat homogen dengan bau dan warna yang normal. Sedangkan hasil pengamatan sediaan lotion daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) selama 0 menit sampai 480 menit, sediaan lotion daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) lebih efektif pada formulasi II (60%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas maka sediaan lotion daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) dapat dijadikan sebagai repellent nyamuk Aedes aegypti bagi masyarakat sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kejadian penyakit demam berdarah (DBD).
Kata Kunci: Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia), Lotion, Repellent, Aedes aegyptiÂ
One disease is transmitted by the gnat is dengue fever. Mosquito and its is induced by an Aedes aegypti mosquito vector that is. Especially on the plant mengkudu leaves shows the results of that in a foliar part containing flavonoid, an alkaloid, phenol, steroid, tannin, saponin, and triterpenoid. This is the kind of research which is a research with the experimental research activities in defiance of a experiment. The study is done in the laboratory pharmaceuticals University Ubudiyah Indonesia on 3 June - 10 September year on 2018. As for the stages that are undertaken in this research is the maintenance aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, the manufacture of extract ethanol leaves mengkudu and formulation lotion. While evaluation lotion preparation is including the measurement of pH, irritation test, observation of homogeneity, organoleptis observation, and test it repellent against mosquitos.The result showed that in testing on lotion pH preparations leaves mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) on the control group pH 6, the formulation I pH 7, formulations II pH 7 and test irritation is positive and wreak homogeneous the smell and color normaly. While the preparations leaves observation lotion mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) for 0 minutes to 480 minutes, preparations lotion leaves mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) more effective in formulations II (60%). Based on the research done so lotion above preparations leaves mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) can be used as repellent aedes for the community that can be lowered incidence of scarlet fever.
Key words: Leaves Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia), Lotion, Repellent, Aedes aegypti
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