Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kopelma Darussalam Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v4i1.994Abstrak
Stunting atau pendek merupakan indikator status gizi kronis yang dapat menggambarkan pertumbuhan yang tidak optimal karena malnutrisi jangka panjang. Dinkes kota Banda Aceh menemukan prevelensi angka stunting pada balita di tahun 2016 menjadi 27,1%. stunting  pada balita di Kota banda Aceh masih menjadi masalah masyarakat. Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas Kopelma Darussalam Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2018.Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control  dengan populasi yaitu seleuruh anak balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kopelma, total sampel adalah 53 balita sampel  case dan 53 balita sampel control. Tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik matching dan simple random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 5  april – 9 mei 2018. Cara pengumpulan data dengan metode wawancara. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan mencari nilai OR pada tabulasi 2x2. Ha diterima p value <0,05.Hasil Penelitian: Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa balita dengan asupan energi tidak adekuat dan mengalami stunting berjumlah 13 balita (24,5%). Balita dengan asupan protein tidak adekuat dan mengalami stunting berjumlah 38 balita (71,7%). Balita yang terkena penyakit infeksi dan mengalami stunting berjumlah 24 balita (45,3%). Balita yang tidak memiliki riwayat ASI ekslusif berjumlah 35 balita (66%). Balita yang memiliki riwayat BBLR dan mengalami stunting berjumlah 12 balita (22,6%).Kesimpulan dan saran : Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita adalah asupan protein (p value=
0,000, OR= 0,103), penyakit infeksi (p value= 0,003, OR= 4,046), riwayat ASI ekslusif (p value= 0,011, OR= 2,963),BBLR (p value= 0,026, OR= 4,878). Asupan energi (p value= 0,816, OR= 0,806) bukan merupan faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas kopelma Darussalam. Diharapkan Ibu balita untuk memperhatikan tumbuh kembang balita dengan pemenuhan asupan makanan sesuai kebutuhan, menjaga lingkungan dan membawa balita ke pelayanan kesehatan.
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Kata Kunci       : stunting, faktor pengaruh, balita
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