Analisis Antioksidan dari Ekstrak N-Heksana dan Etilasetat Kulit Alpukat (Persea ameicana Mill) Menggunakan Metode DPPH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v7i1.1957Abstract
Antioksidan berperan aktif dalam mengurangi kelebihan radikal bebas yang pada umum nya bekerja sebagai penangkap radikal bebas dan mencegah terjadinya reaksi berantai. Antioksidan dapat bersumber dari tanaman seperti alpukat. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui antioksidan dari ekstrak n-heksan dan ekstrak etilasetat kulit alpukat menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-Difenil- 1-pikrilhidrazil). Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etilasetat. Identifikasi senyawa aktif ekstrak senyawa kulit alpukat menggunakan uji fitikimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 25, 50, 100 ppm. Absorbansi aktivitas antioksidan diukur menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517nm. Rendemen ekstrak n-heksan kulit alpukat 6,66% dan rendemen ekstrak etilasetat yaitu 8,33%. Hasil identifikasi fitokimia ekstrak n-heksan kulit alpukat memiliki senyawa aktif saponin, fenolik/tanin, terpenoid sedangkan ekstrak etilasetat manggandung senyawa aktif alkaloid, flavanoid dan fenolik. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak n-heksan kulit alpukat sangat lemah dengan nilai IC50 1058,181 ppm sedangkan ekstrak etilasetat kulit alpukat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sedang dengan nilai IC50 123,72 ppm. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa ekstrak etilasetat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lebih besar di bandingkan ekstrak n-heksan.
Kata kunci: Kulit alpukat ,n-heksan, etilasetat, antioksidan, DPPH
Antioxidants play an active role in reducing excess free radicals that generally work as a free radical catcher radicals and prevent the occurrence of chain reactions. Antioxidants can be sourced from plants such as avocados. The purpose of this research was to know the antioxidant of n-hexan extract and   the   avocado etilacetate extract   using   DPPH   method    ( 2,2-Diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazil ). The extractionprocess uses a maceration method with n-hexane and ethylacetate solvents. Identification of active compound of avocado leaf extract using phytochemical test and antioxidant activity test using DPPH method with pariasi extract concentration 25, 50, 100 ppm. Absorbance of antioxidant activity was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 1.517nm wavelength. The yield content of avocado leafextract was 6.66% and the yield of ethylacetate extract was 8.33%. the results of phytochemical identification of n-hexan saponin extract, phenolic / tannin, terpenoid while ethylacetate extract manggandung active compound of alkaloid, flavanoid and phenolic activity of antioxidant n- hexan extract of avocado skin is very weak with the value of IC 50 1058,181 ppm while avocado ethylacetate leaf extract have activity medium antioxidant with IC value 50 123,72 ppm. Based on this research, it can be concluded that ethylacetate extract is greater than n-hexane extract.
Keywords : Avocado skin, n-hexane, ethylacetate, antioxidant, DPPH
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