Hubungan Perokok dan Riwayat Keluarga dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pasien di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2314Abstract
Hipertensi menjadi masalah kesehatan the silent killer karena tidak terdapat terdapat tanda-tanda atau gejala yang dapat dilihat dari luar dan merupakan penyebab utama dari kematian kardiovaskular. Berdasarkan data Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Tingkat II Iskandar Muda pada tahun 2020 jumlah pasien yang mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 562 kasus dan tahun 2021 yaitu sebanyak 602 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan Perokok dan Riwayat Keluarga dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pasien Di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Metode penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, populasi penelitian diperoleh pada saat pengumpulan data penelitian sebanyak 89 orang dan sampel dengan yang sesuai kriteria diambil secara accidental sampling sebanyak 68 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari tanggal 6 - 10 Juni 2022 di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Analisis data secara univariat bivariat. Hasil penelitian analisis univariat diperoleh dari 68 responden yang mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 51 (75.0%), responden yang merokok sebanyak 52 (76.4%) dan responden yang memiliki riwayat keluarga mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 53 (77.9%). Analisis bivariat variabel perokok (p-value = 0.024), dan riwayat keluarga (p-value = 0.000). Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada hubungan yang signifikan antara perokok dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pasien Di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Tingkat II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh. Saran bagi petugas kesehatan dapat memberikan penanganan secara tepat bagi pasien penderita hipertensi dan memberikan edukasi kepada seluruh pasien yang berkunjung ke poli penyakit dalam tentang bahaya hipertensi dan merubah kebiasaan tidak baik menjadi perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat agar terhindar dari penyakit hipertensi.
Kata Kunci   : hipertensi, perokok, riwayat keluarga
Hypertension is a health problem, the silent killer because there are no signs or symptoms that can be seen from the outside and is the main cause of cardiovascular death. Based on data from the Internal Medicine Poly Hospital of Iskandar Muda Level II, in 2020 the number of patients with hypertension was 562 cases and in 2021 there were 602 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smokers and family history with the incidence of hypertension in patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic, Iskandar Muda Hospital, Banda Aceh. Analytical research method with a cross sectional approach, the research population obtained at the time of collecting research data as many as 89 people and samples with the appropriate criteria were taken by accidental sampling as many as 68 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire by means of interviews. The data collection of this research was carried out from 6 - 10 June 2022 at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of the Iskandar Muda Hospital, Banda Aceh. Data analysis was univariate bivariate. The results of the univariate analysis were obtained from 68 respondents who had hypertension as many as 51 (75.0%), respondents who smoked as many as 52 (76.4%) and respondents who had a family history of hypertension as many as 53 (77.9%). Bivariate analysis of smoking variables (p-value = 0.024), and family history (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between smokers and family history with the incidence of hypertension in patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic, Iskandar Muda Hospital, Banda Aceh. Suggestions for health workers can provide appropriate treatment for patients with hypertension and provide education to all patients who visit the internal medicine clinic about the dangers of hypertension and change bad habits into clean and healthy living behavior to avoid hypertension.
Keywords: hypertension, smoker, family history
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