Implementasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Jiwa Berbasis Komunitas di Puskesmas Parlilitan Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tahun 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2390Abstract
Masalah kesehatan jiwa mempunyai lingkup yang sangat luas, kompleks dan tidak terpisahkan dari kesehatan terutama dalam menunjang terwujudnya kualitas hidup manusia secara keseluruhan. Program pelayanan kesehatan jiwa berbasis komunitas merupakan suatu terobosan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa dengan memberdayakan masyarakat, mulai dari Puskesmas sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan termasuk pelayanan kesehatan jiwa, perawat kesehatan jiwa sebagai tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di Puskesmas, dan juga keterlibatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan berbasis komunitas di Puskesmas Parlilitan. Metode penelitian dengan desain kualitatif, informan sebanyak 11 orang dipilih secara purposive. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi, telaah dokumen dan focus group discussion. Triangulasi yang dilakukan adalah triangulasi sumber, dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa berbasis komunitas meliputi penyuluhan, deteksi dini, rawat jalan, rujukan, dan kunjungan rumah belum optimal. Diperlukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam tiap komponen pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar Puskesmas Parlilitan lebih memperbanyak kegiatan penyuluhan di luar Puskesmas, memperkuat kerjasama lintas sektor dan melatih kader kesehatan untuk meningkatkan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa masyarakat.
Kata kunci: implementasi, pelayanan kesehatan jiwa, PuskesmasÂ
Mental health problem has broad and complex scope which is inseparable from health, especially in supporting the realization of human life quality as a whole. Community-based mental health care is a breakthrough intended to increase mental health care by empowering people, starting from Puskesmas (Public Health Center) as the spearhead in health care, including mental health care, mental health nurses in Puskesmas, and people’s involvement. The objective of the research is to analyze the implementation of community-based health care at Parlilitan Puskesmas. The research uses qualitative research method. The samples are 11 participants, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The data are gathered by conducting in-depth interview, observation, documentation, and focus group discussion. Triangulation conducted is source and method triangulation. The result of the research shows that the implementation of community-based health care which includes the counseling, early detection, outpatient, references, and home visits are not optimal. The role of family and people’s empowerment should be increased in each component of mental health care. It is also recommended that the management of Parlilitan Puskesmas strengthen cross-sector cooperation and train health cadres in order to increase the coverage of people’s mental health care.
Keywords: implementation, mental health care, Puskesmas
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