Hubungan Pemberian Asi Ekslusif, Riwayat Bblr Dan Asupan Zink Dan Protein Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Bayi Usia 12-36 Bulan di RSUTP Abdya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3418Abstract
WHO mencatat bahwa kasus kematian anak umur 6-12 tahun di dunia mencapai 2 juta jiwa yang disebabkan karena masalah gizi terutama akibat stunting. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan permasalahan stunting tertinggi ke-2 di kawasan Asia Tenggara dan berada pada posisi ke-5 di dunia dengan prevalansi balita stunting mencapai 30,8%. Aceh menduduki peringkat ketiga nasional untuk permasalahan stunting sebesar 22,5% setelah Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dan Sulawesi Barat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita antara lain dapat disebabkan kurangnya pemberian ASI eksklusif dan riwayat lahir dengan BBLR. Untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan riwayat BBLR dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Susoh Kabupaten Abdya. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh balita berusia 12-36 bulan yang mengalami stunting. Dalam penelitian ini teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara total sampling yaitu sebanyak 36 orang, penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 27 Oktober-4 November 2021. Analisa data menggunakan uji Chi Square dan OR dengan batas kemaknaan 95% (P<0,05). Menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (p-value=0,028 dan OR 2,800). Anak yang tidak ASI eksklusif berisiko 2,800 kali mengalami kejadian stunting dibandingkan dengan anak yang ASI eksklusif. Ada hubungan riwayat BBLR dengan kejadian stunting pada balita (p- value=0,000 dan OR=3,036). Anak yang memiliki riwayat BBLR berisiko 3,036 kali mengalami kejadian stunting dibandingkan dengan anak yang lahir dengan berat badan normal. Ada hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dan riwayat BBLR dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Diharapkan bagi Puskesmas Susoh agar dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman perencanaan dalam melakukan intervensasi pencegahan stunting dan dapat melakukan penyuluhan untuk mencegah stunting.
Kata Kunci : Stunting, ASI Ekslusif, BBLR
WHO notes that cases of death among children aged 6-12 years in the world reached 2 million due to nutritional problems, especially due to stunting. Indonesia is one of the countries with the 2nd highest stunting problem in the Southeast Asia region and is in 5th position in the world with a prevalence of stunted toddlers reaching 30.8%. Aceh is ranked third nationally for stunting problems at 22.5% after East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) and West Sulawesi. Factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers include a lack of exclusive breastfeeding and a history of being born with LBW. To determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and a history of LBW with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Susoh Community Health Center Working Area, Abdya Regency. This type of research is analytical with a cross sectional approach. The population is all toddlers aged 12-36 months who are stunted. In this research, the sampling technique was carried out using a total sampling of 36 people, the research was conducted on 27 October-4 November 2021. Data analysis used the Chi Square test and OR with a significance limit of 95% (P<0.05). Shows that there is a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p-value=0.028 and OR 2.800). Children who are not exclusively breastfed have a 2,800 times risk of experiencing stunting compared to children who are exclusively breastfed. There is a relationship between a history of LBW and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p-value=0.000 and OR=3.036). Children who have a history of LBW are 3,036 times more likely to experience stunting compared to children born with normal weight. There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and a history of LBW with the incidence of stunting in toddlers. It is hoped that the Susoh Community Health Center can be used as a planning guide in carrying out stunting prevention interventions and can provide education to prevent stunting.
Keywords: Stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, LBW
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