ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN PENURUNAN KESADARAN ET CAUSA EDEMA SEREBRI SUBDURAL SYNDROM: STUDI KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v10i2.4412Abstract
Edema serebri adalah bertambahnya cairan didalam jaringan otak yang bersifat abnormal mengakibatkan perubahan fungsi otak terutama neurologis ditandai dengan penurunan kesadaran di nilai menggunakan Glasgow Coma Scale, sehingga pasien memerlukan perawatan di rumah sakit. Perawatan pasien di Rumah Sakit menimbulkan infeksi nosokomial yaitu Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) adalah pneumonia yang terjadi lebih dari 48 jam setelah mendapatkan perawatan di Rumah Sakit. Komplikasi yang terjadi adalah acute respiratory failure (ARF) merupakan kondisi gagal nafas sehingga indikasi pasien memerlukan pemakaian ventilator mekanik. Studi kasus ini bertujuan menjelaskan asuhan keperawatan pada Tn.MZ dengan diagnosis penurunan kesadaran et causa edema serebri subdural syndrom di unit perawatan intensif Rumah Sakit Banda Aceh. Metode penelitian yang digunakanan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan jenis deskriptif. Masalah yang muncul pada Tn. MZ yaitu penurunan kapasitas adaptif intrakranial, gangguan ventilasi spontan, ketidakseimbangan elektrolit, resiko aspirasi, dan bersihan jalan nafas tidak efektif. Hasil evaluasi didapatkan pasien berhasil dilakukan extubasi, namun produksi sputum masih banyak sehingga harus dilakukan suction setiap 30 menit. Rekomendasi bagi perawat untuk memantau bersihan jalan nafas tidak efektif pada pasien.
Kata kunci: Edema serebri, Hospital Acquired Pneumonia, Penurunan kesadaran
Cerebral edema is an increase in fluid in the brain tissue which is abnormal resulting in changes in brain function brain functions, especially neurological, characterized by decreased consciousness assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale, so that patients require treatment in a hospital. Patient care in the hospital causes nosocomial infections Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) is pneumonia that occurs more than 48 hours after receiving care in the hospital.The complication that occurs is acute respiratory failure (ARF) which is a condition of respiratory failure that indicates the patient requires use of a mechanical ventilator. This case study aims to explain nursing care for Mr. MZ with a diagnosis of decreased consciousness et causa cerebral edema subdural syndrom in the intensive care unit of the Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. The method used is acase study with a descriptive approach. The nursing problems that arise in Mr. MZ is a decrease in intracranial adaptive capacity intracranial adaptive capacity, impaired spontaneous ventilation, electrolyte imbalance, risk of aspiration, and ineffective airway clearance. The evaluation results obtained the patient was successfully extubated, accompanied with sputum production is still a lot so that suction must be done every 30 minutes. Recommendations for nurses to monitor ineffective airway clearance in patients.
Keywords: Cerebral edema, Hospital Acquired Pneumonia, loss of consciousness
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