PENGARUH PEKERJAAN IBU, PENYAKIT INFEKSI DAN RIWAYAT ASI EKSLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN WASTING DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS IBOIH KOTA SABANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v11i1.5212Keywords:
Wasting, Pekerjaan Ibu, Penyakit Infeksi, ASI EksklusifAbstract
Abstrak
Wasting, atau yang biasa disebut sebagai balita kurus, adalah kondisi di mana balita mengalami gangguan gizi yang didiagnosis berdasarkan penilaian berat badan terhadap tinggi badan. Wasting merupakan bentuk malnutrisi akut, di mana berat badan anak tidak sebanding dengan tinggi badannya, atau nilai Z-score kurang dari -2 SD. Di Indonesia, kasus wasting meningkat sebesar 0,6 poin, dari 10,1% menjadi 10,7% pada tahun 2022. Di Aceh, prevalensi wasting sebesar 5,5%. Kota Sabang merupakan salah satu daerah di Aceh dengan angka wasting yang tinggi, yaitu mencapai 23,4%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pekerjaan ibu, penyakit infeksi, dan riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap kejadian wasting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Iboih, Kota Sabang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus-kontrol dengan rasio sampel 1:1 (40 kasus: 40 kontrol). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, dan analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pekerjaan ibu (p = 0,048), penyakit infeksi (p = 0,002), dan riwayat ASI eksklusif (p = 0,005) dengan kejadian wasting. Kesimpulannya, pekerjaan ibu, penyakit infeksi, dan riwayat ASI eksklusif berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya wasting. Disarankan kepada tenaga kesehatan, khususnya di Puskesmas Iboih, untuk lebih gencar memberikan promosi kesehatan kepada masyarakat mengenai wasting dan cara pencegahannya, serta memotivasi ibu yang bekerja agar tetap memperhatikan pengasuhan anaknya guna mencegah terjadinya wasting.
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