KAJIAN HUKUM PERDATA ATAS PELANGGARAN HAK-HAK ANAK DALAM SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DASAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jes.v11i2.5539Abstract
Pelanggaran hak-hak anak dalam sistem pendidikan dasar merupakan isu yang sering kali tidak disadari oleh sekolah, guru, maupun orang tua. Dalam perspektif hukum perdata, hubungan hukum antara sekolah dan siswa menciptakan kewajiban hukum yang harus dipenuhi oleh pihak penyelenggara pendidikan. Wanprestasi, perbuatan melawan hukum, serta kelalaian dalam memenuhi standar perlindungan anak dapat menimbulkan tanggung jawab perdata bagi sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review yang mengkaji konsep-konsep hukum perdata terkait perlindungan anak, bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran hak anak di sekolah dasar, serta konsekuensi hukumnya. Kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelanggaran dapat berupa kelalaian pengawasan, penyalahgunaan wewenang, pelanggaran privasi anak, hingga tindakan yang menyebabkan kerugian fisik atau psikis. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa sekolah memiliki tanggung jawab hukum untuk menyediakan lingkungan pendidikan yang aman, sehat, dan mendukung tumbuh kembang anak. Kata kunci: hukum perdata, hak anak, pendidikan dasar, wanprestasi, perbuatan melawan hukum. Abstract Violations of children's rights within the elementary education system are often overlooked by schools, teachers, and even parents. From a civil law perspective, the legal relationship between the school and its students creates legal obligations that must be fulfilled by the educational provider. Breach of contract, tortious acts, and negligence in meeting child protection standards may give rise to civil liability for the school. This study is a literature review that examines civil law concepts related to child protection, the various forms of children’s rights violations occurring in elementary schools, and their legal consequences. The review indicates that such violations may include supervisory negligence, abuse of authority, violations of children’s privacy, and actions that cause physical or psychological harm. This study affirms that schools bear a legal responsibility to provide a safe, healthy, and supportive educational environment that fosters the optimal growth and development of children. Keywords: civil law, children's rights, elementary education, breach of contract, tort.References
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