PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK DI LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jes.v11i2.6061Abstract
Pemenuhan hak anak merupakan prinsip mendasar yang harus diwujudkan dalam penyelenggaraan sistem pendidikan di Indonesia, salah satunya dengan memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak anak untuk terbebas dari segala bentuk kekerasan di sekolah. Implementasi perlindungan hak anak di lingkungan pendidikan masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Dalam praktiknya, penyelesaian terhadap permasalahan anak umumnya lebih mengedepankan pendekatan penghukuman yang berfokus pada pemberian sanksi kepada pelaku. Pendekatan ini belum sepenuhnya mengakomodasi aspek pemulihan, baik dalam membangun kembali hubungan sosial antara pihak-pihak yang terlibat, memulihkan kondisi korban, maupun mendukung perkembangan psikologis anak secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep restorative justice sebagai salah satu pendekatan dalam perlindungan hak anak di lingkungan pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menerapkan pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa restorative justice merupakan pendekatan penyelesaian konflik yang mengutamakan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak melalui dialog, pemulihan, dan partisipasi seluruh pihak. Penerapannya mampu memperkuat pendidikan karakter, menciptakan disiplin positif, serta mengurangi kekerasan di lingkungan sekolah. Namun, implementasinya masih terkendala oleh terbatasnya regulasi operasional, kompetensi guru, dan sinergi antarpemangku kepentingan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kebijakan pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan prinsip restorative justice dalam perlindungan hak anak di sekolah.
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