Pembelajaran Kooperatif dan Kolaboratif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jes.v5i1.357Abstrak
Dalam rangka menghadapi berbagai permasalahan yang ditimbulkan, persaingan global dan proses demokratisasi, sangat diperlukan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas melalai pembaharuan sistem pendidikan yang bebasis kompetensi, demokratis dan berwawasan lokal dengan tetap memperhatikan standar nasional. Untuk menunjang pembaharuan pendidikan dapat dimulai dengan mempersiapkan suasana dan proses pembelajaran yang dapat menciptakan kualitas pembelajar sejati dan mandiri.Oleh karena itu pemilihan berbagai metode, strategi, pendekatan serta tehnik pembelajan merupakan suatu hal yang utama.Model pembelajaran kooperatif dan kolaboratif merupakan dua model yang sekiranya dapat memfasilitasi peningkatan kualitas dan kemandirian belajar siswa sebagai SDM bangsa. Untuk itu terkait keduanya akan dikaji melalui studi kepustakaan yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan berbagai teori dan temuan baru yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kolaborasi dan kooperasi tidak hanya dapat menemukan metoda penyelesaian masalah yang menyeluruh, tetapi juga akan dapat mengungkapkan pengetahuan baru tentang peta permasalahan dan peta solusi baru yang meruang dan mewaktu. Pembelajaran berkolaborasi tidak hanya berlangsung di antara teman sekelas, tetapi dapat saja dibangun di antara partisipan dari beragam sekolah dan universitas, bahkan dari beragam negara.Namun yang membedakan keduanya, jika pembelajaran kolaboratif dapat dilakukan di dalam kumpulan yang besar maupun kumpulan yang terdiri dari empat atau lima orang pelajar. Pembelajaran kooperatif hanya dapat dilakukan untuk kelompok kecil pelajar yang bekerja dan memahami secara bersama disamping keunggulan dan keutamaan lainnya dalam meningkatkan kualitas SDM yang memiliki metakognitif yang mumpuni.Referensi
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