PENERAPAN PRINSIP MODULAR DESIGN UNTUK HUNIAN TERJANGKAU DI PERKOTAAN BANDA ACEH 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jics.v9i2.4923Kata Kunci:
desain modular, hunian terjangkau, prefabrikasi, perumahan urban, Banda Aceh, arsitektur berkelanjutanAbstrak
Ketersediaan hunian terjangkau di kawasan perkotaan Banda Aceh menjadi isu krusial seiring
meningkatnya urbanisasi, keterbatasan lahan, dan tingginya biaya konstruksi konvensional. Pendekatan
modular design atau desain modular menawarkan solusi strategis untuk mempercepat pembangunan,
menekan biaya, serta menyediakan hunian yang fleksibel dan adaptif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat urban.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi penerapan prinsip modular design dalam konteks
pembangunan hunian terjangkau di Banda Aceh, dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, dan
geografis lokal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif melalui studi
literatur, observasi lapangan, serta wawancara dengan pemangku kepentingan, termasuk perencana kota,
arsitek, pengembang, dan warga. Penelitian ini juga dilengkapi dengan studi komparatif terhadap beberapa
proyek hunian modular di kota lain yang memiliki karakteristik serupa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan
bahwa penerapan modular design mampu menurunkan biaya konstruksi hingga 20–30% dan mempercepat
waktu pembangunan hingga setengah dari metode konvensional. Sistem ini juga memungkinkan
pengembangan bertahap dan penyesuaian desain terhadap budaya lokal Aceh, seperti penggunaan bentuk
atap tradisional dan orientasi bangunan yang merespon iklim tropis. Meskipun demikian, beberapa
tantangan seperti keterbatasan industri prefabrikasi lokal, regulasi yang belum mendukung, dan persepsi
masyarakat terhadap hunian modular perlu diatasi melalui pendekatan lintas sektor dan kebijakan insentif.
Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa modular design memiliki potensi besar dalam menyediakan hunian
terjangkau yang efisien dan berkelanjutan di Banda Aceh, terutama jika diintegrasikan dengan kebijakan
pemerintah dan partisipasi masyarakat. Rekomendasi utama dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya dukungan
kebijakan, penyediaan infrastruktur produksi modular, serta edukasi publik terhadap manfaat desain
modular dalam konteks hunian urban.
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