REVITALISASI TAMAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI RUANG INTERAKSI SOSIAL PADA PERMUKIMAN PADAT GAMPONG PEUNAYONG, KECAMATAN KUTA ALAM, KOTA BANDA ACEH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33143/jics.v11i2.5759Abstract
Abstrak— Taman lingkungan memiliki peran strategis sebagai ruang interaksi sosial pada kawasan permukiman padat perkotaan. Di Gampong Peunayong, Kecamatan Kuta Alam, Kota Banda Aceh, taman lingkungan yang ada belum berfungsi secara optimal dalam mendukung kohesi sosial akibat keterbatasan ruang, zonasi yang belum tertata, serta rendahnya kenyamanan fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kapasitas spasial dan kinerja sosial taman serta merumuskan strategi revitalisasi guna meningkatkan perannya sebagai ruang hidup kolektif masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed-method dengan dominasi analisis kuantitatif spasial. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan pada jam puncak aktivitas (06.00–08.00 dan 16.00–18.30), pengukuran luas efektif taman, serta penyebaran kuesioner kepada 30 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan melalui perhitungan rasio ruang (R = A/U) dan kepadatan spasial (D = U/A) untuk menentukan tingkat kenyamanan dan intensitas penggunaan ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada jam puncak, taman berada pada kategori cukup padat hingga padat, yang berdampak pada menurunnya kenyamanan dan terbatasnya variasi aktivitas sosial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa revitalisasi berbasis zoning sosial (area aktif, pasif, dan transisi), peningkatan kenyamanan mikroklimat, penyediaan elemen duduk, kejelasan sirkulasi, serta peningkatan keamanan visual mampu meningkatkan kualitas interaksi dan kohesi sosial masyarakat. Revitalisasi taman lingkungan bukan sekadar upaya estetika, melainkan strategi spasial–sosial untuk memperkuat kualitas kehidupan kolektif pada permukiman padat perkotaan.
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