SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS IN LOUISA MAY ALCOTT LITTLE WOMEN (1868)
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan sifat hubungan persaudaraan karakter utama dalam novel Little Women karya Louisa May Alcott. Novel ini dipilih sebagai sumber data karena mengandung genre psikologis dan merepresentasikan sifat-sifat hubungan persaudaraan. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan teori kepribadian Sigmund Freud dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra, terkait dengan teori hubungan persaudaraan oleh Nina Howe. Teori Howe membagi hubungan persaudaraan menjadi empat sifat: intimasi, keserasian, kesetiaan dan kecemburuan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yang berfokus pada bahasa yang mengandung pemikiran, sikap dan tindakan karakter yang membentuk dialog antar karakter sebagai sumber data melalui langkah-langkah pengumpulan data, tampilan data, identifikasi data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intimasi dalam hubungan persaudaraan ditunjukkan oleh Beth, keserasian tercermin baik oleh Meg dan Jo yang memiliki perspektif sama dengan Amy dan Beth, dan kesetiaan terlihat jelas ketika Jo memilih untuk memaafkan Amy sebagai saudarinya dan melepaskan kemarahannya; yang terakhir adalah kecemburuan yang jelas terlihat oleh Amy ketika ia secara terus terang mengatakan bahwa semua saudara perempuannya tidak menderita sebanyak dirinya, namun kecemburuan tersebut tidak bertahan lama.
Kata Kunci: sibling relationship, intimacy, congeniality, loyalty, jealousy
This research aims to highlight the natures of sibling relationships of main character found in the novel Little Women by Louisa May Alcott The novel is chosen as the source of data because this novel has psychological genre and represents the natures of sibling relationship. The study is conducted based on personality theory of Sigmund Freud under the approach of psychology of literature, connected to the sibling relationships theory by Nina Howe. Howe’s theory divides sibling relationships into four natures; they are intimacy, congeniality, loyalty and the last is jealousy. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method focused on the language containing thought, attitude, and action of the characters forming dialogues among the characters as the source of data through the steps as  data collection, data display, data identification and conclusion. The results show that intimacy in sibling relationship is shown by Beth, congeniality is reflected well by Meg and Jo having the same perspective with Amy and Beth, and loyalty is well seen when Jo chooses to forgive Amy as her sister and let her anger go away for she choose to stay when she can go away; the last is jealousy that is clearly seen by Amy when she straightforwardly says that all of her sisters do not suffer as much as she, but that jealousy does not last longer.
Keywords: sibling relationship, intimacy, congeniality, loyalty, jealousy
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