PENYULUHAN PENCEGAHAN ANEMIA DAN PEMERIKSAAN HB PADA IBU HAMIL DI DESA MATANG SAGOE KECAMATAN PEUSANGAN KABUPATEN BIREUEN
Abstract
Anemia merupakan suatu keadaan yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya hemoglobin dalam tubuh. Hemoglobin adalah suatu metaloprotein yaitu protein yang mengandung zat besi di dalam sel darah merah yang berfungsi sebagai pengangkut oksigen dari paru-paru ke seluruh tubuh. Anemia pada masa kehamilan memberikan dampak pada kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas yaitu keguguran, partus prematurus, inersia uterus, partus lama, atonia uteri, syok, afribinogenemia, infeksi intrapartum dan dalam nifas, dan payah jantung. Anemia yang terjadi pada ibu hamil berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu dan janin yang dikandungnya. Anemia pada ibu hamil dapat menjadi penyebab perdarahan post partum dan menjadi penyebab kematian tidak langsung pada ibu. Prevalensi anemia pada wanita hamil di Indonesia berkisar 20-80%, tetapi pada umumnya banyak penelitian yang menunjukkan lebih besar yaitu 50%. Di wilayah Indonesia bagian barat tergolong tinggi, Aceh 56,6%. Untuk memperkecil risiko terjadinya anemia pada ibu hamil tersebut diperlukan pencegahan dan dukungan serta dilakukan oleh semua pihak baik ibu hamil itu sendiri, keluarga, petugas kesehatan dan masyarakat. Upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya asupan gizi yang cukup untuk perkembangan bayinya, melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan minimal 4 kali selama hamil, mengkonsumsi zat besi bagi ibu hamil minimal 90 tablet selama kehamilan, melakukan pemeriksaan Hb ibu hamil pada trimester I dan III. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat khususnya ibu hamil tentang pencegahan anemia. Hasil dari kegiatan setelah dilakukan kegiatan penyuluhan pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya ibu hamil tentang anemia dan cara pencegahan anemia mengalami peningkatan.
Kata Kunci: Pencegahan Anemia, Pemeriksaan Hb, Ibu hamil
Anemia is a condition characterized by reduced hemoglobin in the body. Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein, namely a protein containing iron in red blood cells that functions as a carrier of oxygen from the lungs throughout the body. Anemia during pregnancy has an impact on pregnancy, labor and childbirth, namely miscarriage, premature parturition, uterine inertia, prolonged labor, uterine atony, shock, afribinogenemia, intrapartum and puerperal infections, and heart failure. Anemia that occurs in pregnant women contributes to increasing morbidity and mortality rates for mothers and their fetuses. Anemia in pregnant women can be a cause of postpartum hemorrhage and an indirect cause of death in the mother. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia ranges from 20-80%, but in general many studies show it is higher, namely 50%. In the western part of Indonesia it is classified as high, Aceh 56.6%. To minimize the risk of anemia in pregnant women, prevention and support are needed and this is carried out by all parties, both the pregnant woman herself, her family, health workers and the community. Prevention efforts that can be done are increasing pregnant women's knowledge about the importance of adequate nutritional intake for the development of their babies, carrying out prenatal checks at least 4 times during pregnancy, consuming iron for pregnant women at least 90 tablets during pregnancy, carrying out Hb checks for pregnant women in the first trimester and III. The purpose of this community service is to increase knowledge, understanding, attitudes and behavior of the community, especially pregnant women, regarding anemia prevention. The results of the activities after conducting community knowledge outreach activities, especially pregnant women about anemia and how to prevent anemia have increased.
Keywords: Prevention of Anemia, Hb Examination, Pregnant Women
References
R. Tasalim, (2021). Solusi Tepat Meningkatkan Hemoglobin (Hb) tanpa Transfusi Darah. Bandung: Media Sains Indonesia
Reni Yulia Astutik, Dwi Ertiana (2018). Anemia dalam kehamian, Jember: Pustaka Abad
Demsa Simbolon, Dkk. (2018). Pencegahan dan penanggulangan kurang energi dan kronik (KEK) dan anemia pada kehamilan. CV Budi Utama. Yogyakarta
Dinkes Aceh, (2017) Profil Kesehatan Aceh Tahun 2016. Aceh
Octhavia, A. (2021) ‘Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Pakuan Ratu Way Kanan’. Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
Roosleyn, I. P. T. (2016) ‘Strategi Dalam Penanggulangan Pencegahan Anemia Pada Kehamilan’, Jurnal Ilmiah Widya, 3(3), pp. 1–9
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