PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN SIKAT GIGI YANG BENAR BAGI SISWA SDN 12 KECAMATAN BAITURRAHMAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN KARIES
Kata Kunci:
kesehatan gigi dan mulut, penyuluhan, pelatihan, sikat gigi, karies, anak sekolah dasarAbstrak
Karies gigi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling umum dijumpai pada anak-anak usia sekolah, terutama akibat rendahnya kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan gigi serta kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai teknik menyikat gigi yang benar. Berdasarkan observasi awal di SDN 12 Kecamatan Baiturrahman, ditemukan bahwa lebih dari 60% siswa belum memahami cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar, serta belum mengetahui waktu yang tepat untuk menyikat gigi. Kondisi ini meningkatkan risiko terjadinya karies gigi sejak dini, yang apabila tidak ditangani dapat berdampak pada kesehatan umum dan prestasi belajar anak.
Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan siswa dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi melalui penyuluhan dan pelatihan menyikat gigi yang benar. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu: (1) penyuluhan interaktif yang mengedukasi siswa tentang pentingnya kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta dampak karies, menggunakan media audiovisual yang menarik; (2) pelatihan praktik menyikat gigi secara langsung menggunakan model gigi dan sikat gigi dengan teknik Fones yang telah disesuaikan untuk anak usia sekolah dasar; dan (3) evaluasi hasil kegiatan melalui pre-test dan post-test untuk menilai peningkatan pengetahuan, serta observasi keterampilan menyikat gigi.
Kegiatan ini melibatkan 80 siswa kelas I hingga III dan berlangsung dengan antusiasme tinggi dari para peserta. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan skor pengetahuan rata-rata sebesar 35% setelah penyuluhan, serta 90% siswa mampu mempraktikkan teknik menyikat gigi dengan benar. Kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi edukatif berbasis praktik langsung sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan kebiasaan sehat sejak dini. Keberhasilan program ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model kegiatan serupa di sekolah dasar lainnya dalam rangka pencegahan karies secara berkelanjutan.
Referensi
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2010). Pedoman Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut di Sekolah Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2012). Oral Health Promotion: An Essential Element of a Health-Promoting School. Geneva: WHO Press.
Wulan, R. P., & Yulianti, D. (2019). Pengaruh Edukasi Menyikat Gigi terhadap Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi, 6(1), 14-20.
Ismail, A. I., & Sohn, W. (2001). The impact of universal access to dental care on disparities in caries experience in children. Journal of the American Dental Association, 132(3), 295-303.
Darwita, R. R., & Hapsari, D. (2016). Panduan Edukasi Kesehatan Gigi Anak. Jakarta: EGC.
Pertiwi, N. L., & Putri, M. R. (2020). Upaya Pencegahan Karies Gigi Melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan, 8(1), 23-29.
American Dental Association. (2019). Brushing Your Teeth: Proper Technique. Retrieved from https://www.ada.org
Kurniasih, T., & Yuliani, R. (2021). Efektivitas Penyuluhan Kesehatan Gigi terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Sikat Gigi Siswa. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan, 4(2), 45-52.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2020). Profil Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Sekolah. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi Kesehatan.
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. (2009). Peran Sekolah dalam Membangun Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Jakarta: Dirjen Dikdasmen.
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